Self-Harm Behavior Among Medical Profession Students at YARSI University and its Review from an Islamic Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v6i2.52827Keywords:
Self harm, Medical Profession Students, Mental Health, Self-Harm Inventory, Islamic PerspectiveAbstract
Self harm behavior is a deliberate act of injuring oneself without suicidal intent, often emerging as a response to emotional distress. Medical clerkship students are vulnerable to such behavior due to academic pressure, clinical responsibilities, and psychological stress, which can affect both mental health and academic performance. This research aims to describe the level of self harm tendency, its psychological and academic impacts, and to examine this behavior from an Islamic perspective among medical clerkship students at YARSI University. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach involving 96 medical clerkship students. Data were collected using the 22-item Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) questionnaire and analyzed descriptively using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. The mean SHI score was 28.99, with most respondents categorized as having a low self-harm tendency (85.4%), followed by moderate (13.5%) and high (1%) tendencies. The majority also exhibited low levels of psychological and academic impact, although a small proportion experienced emotional instability and decreased learning motivation. Overall, most students demonstrated a low tendency toward self-harm, yet those with moderate to high scores require particular attention. In Islam, self harm is prohibited as it contradicts the principle of ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life). It is recommended that universities provide accessible counseling services, mental health support, and spiritual guidance programs as preventive and promotive measures to help students manage academic and emotional stress more adaptively.
References
Carr, Matthew J., Steeg, Sarah, Mok, Pearl L. H., Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker, Antonsen, Sussie, Kapur, Nav, & Webb, Roger T. (2020). Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Subsequently Engaging in Self-Harm and Violence towards Other People—“Dual Harm.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249409
Favril, Louis, Yu, Rongqin, Hawton, Keith, & Fazel, Seena. (2020). Risk factors for self-harm in prison: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(8), 682–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30190-5
Hamza, Catherine A., Stewart, Sherry L., & Willoughby, Teena. (2015). Nonsuicidal self-injury among youth: A comprehensive review of risk factors and treatment. Clinical Psychology Review, 37, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.010
Kirtley, Olivia J., & O’Connor, Rory C. (2016). Pain and self-harm: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 203, 347–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.068
Kusumadewi, A. F., Yoga, B. H., Sumarni, S., & Ismanto, S. H. (2020). Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) Versi Indonesia Sebagai Instrumen Deteksi Dini Perilaku Self-Harm. Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya, 8(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.20473/jps.v8i1.15009
Laporte, N., Gex-Fabry, M., & Golay, P. (2021). Clinical Characteristics and Self-Harm in Forensic Psychiatric Patients. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 698372. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.698372
Lawrence, Hannah R., Brent, David A., & Liu, Richard T. (2023). Mental imagery of suicide and non-suicidal self-injury: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 103, 102302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102302
Li, Jia, Yang, Jing, & al., et. (2021). Repetitive non-suicidal self-injury and incident suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 281, 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.050
Lim, Kai Xiang, Rijsdijk, Frühling, Hagenaars, Saskia P., Socrates, Abraham, Choi, Shing Wan, Coleman, Jonathan R. I., Glanville, Kathryn P., Lewis, Cathryn M., & Pingault, Jean Baptiste. (2020). Studying individual risk factors for self-harm in the UK Biobank: A polygenic scoring and Mendelian randomisation study. PLOS Medicine, 17(6), e1003137. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003137
Liu, Jinmeng, Wang, Yumeng, Liu, Xia, Li, Jinwen, & Xing, Shufen. (2023). Experiencing stress impact on adolescent repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury: The mediating role of emotion dysregulation and maladaptive cognitive schemas. Journal of Affective Disorders, 339, 392–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.074
Liu, Richard T. (2021). The epidemiology of non-suicidal self-injury: lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic and clinical correlates, and treatment use in a nationally representative sample of adults in England. Psychological Medicine, 53, 274–282. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172100146X
Luo, Jiacheng, & al., et. (2024). Loneliness and nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents: A multi-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 174, 311–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.049
Mehmood, Muzna, Awan, Noor ul ain, Fiaz, Tooba, & Raza, Syeda Aliya. (2023). Prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury in medical students of Rawalpindi; its socio-demographics, methods, and functions. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 73(12), 2370–2374. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.7544
Mohling, Emily D., & al., et. (2024). Exploring the link between exposure to armed conflict and adolescent self-harm in Lesotho: A cross-sectional study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 154, 106701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106701
Nurendah, G., Maslihah, S., & Zakariyya, F. (2023). Analisis Perilaku Membahayakan Diri Sendiri pada Mahasiswa S1 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Prosiding Konferensi Internasional Tentang Psikologi, Kesehatan Mental, Agama, Dan Spiritualitas.
Paramita, Anindya Dewi, Faradiba, Andi Tenri, & Mustofa, Khintan Sucitasari. (2021). Adverse Childhood Experience dan Deliberate Self Harm pada Remaja di Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Integratif, 9(1), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpsi.v9i1.2137
Pérez, Susana, & al., et. (2018). Non-suicidal self-injury in first-episode psychosis patients: Association with clinical characteristics and outcomes. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 83, 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.04.003
Qian, Cheng, Zhu, Qi, Li, Xi, & al., et. (2023). Psychological and psychiatric factors associated with non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 323, 40–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.032
Rong, Fajuan, Wang, Mengni, Peng, Chang, Cheng, Junhan, Ding, Hui, Wang, Yizhen, & Yu, Yizhen. (2023). Association between problematic smartphone use, chronotype and nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescents: A large-scale study in China. Addictive Behaviors, 144, 107725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107725
Singhal, Nupur, Bhola, Poornima, Reddi, V. S. K., Bhaskarapillai, B., & Joseph, Smitha. (2021). Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among emerging adults: Sub-group profiles and their clinical relevance. Psychiatry Research, 300, 113877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113877
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Animas Arum Kholifah Hartono, Citra Fitri Agustina, Karimulloh Karimulloh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
