Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies

A Study of the Perceptions of Professional-Year Students of the 76th Cohort Regarding the Integrated Surgical Clerkship Program at the Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Achmad Yani University

2026-06-29T12:34:20+07:00

The transition of medical professional students from the preclinical stage to the clinical stage is a period filled with critical academic and psychological challenges. The concept of an integrated clerkship is needed to support experiential learning, improve self-confidence, and minimize the risk of medical errors due to system unpreparedness. Evaluation of the Integrated Surgical Clerkship (ISC) program at the Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Achmad Yani University (FK Unjani) is an essential step to ensure effective curriculum implementation.This study aimed to describe the perceptions of professional-year students of the LXXVI cohort regarding the effectiveness and implementation of the ISC program at the Faculty of Medicine, Unjani. A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on all professional-year students of Cohort LXXVI (N = 120) using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire consisting of 26 items. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. The instrument demonstrated very high reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.982. The respondents consisted of 83 female students (69.2%) and 37 male students (30.8%). Students’ perceptions of the ISC program were in the very good category, particularly in the domains of clinical readiness and mentor quality. The ISC program was found to be effective in supporting the transition to clinical education and is recommended for continued implementation.

Impact of ESG Scores and ESG Controversies on Firm Value in Southeast Asia (2018-2022), Moderated by Family Ownership Influence

2026-07-02T13:17:04+07:00

The notion of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has become increasingly significant in global corporate strategies, particularly in addressing sustainability and climate change issues. This study analyzes the impact of differences between ESG scores and ESG controversies on Firm Value in publicly traded firms across Southeast Asia between 2018 and 2022, and family ownership serving as a moderating variable. This study provided a different perspective from previous research, which measured the difference between ESG Scores and ESG Controversies using ESG True Value and ESG Combined. The analysis used two regression models: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Random Effects Model (REM). The results of this research showed that true value data tested using OLS and ESG Combined data using the REM model, the difference between ESG Score and ESG Controversies was proven to adversely impact corporate value. The adverse effect was determined to be stronger in family enterprises. This significant negative effect on family firms was influenced by factors including firm orientation, internal information dissemination in family firms, and their ESG disclosures.

Legal Protection for Healthcare Workers in The Management of Infectious Diseases Under Health Laws and Regulations

2026-06-29T12:28:03+07:00

In medical emergencies, healthcare workers play a vital role in controlling infectious diseases, despite facing serious social, legal, and occupational health risks. During such situations, they often cope with extreme stress, social isolation, and potential legal claims arising from the care they provide. Therefore, ensuring legal protection for healthcare providers is a fundamental element in maintaining the continuity of high-quality and balanced health services. The purpose of this paper is to examine the forms of legal protection for medical workers in managing infectious disease outbreaks as regulated under the Health Quarantine Law. This study, entitled Legal Protection for Healthcare Workers in the Management of Infectious Diseases Under Health Laws and Regulations, highlights the framework of rights and obligations for healthcare personnel, as well as the state’s responsibility in providing legal safeguards during quarantine-related interventions. The research adopts a normative legal research design, applying both statutory and conceptual approaches. Data were collected from primary legal sources, such as relevant health quarantine regulations and legislation governing medical personnel, as well as secondary sources including academic literature, scholarly journals, and expert commentaries, along with tertiary sources for supplementary context. The analysis was conducted qualitatively to provide a comprehensive understanding of how legal instruments protect healthcare workers during infectious disease outbreaks.

The Application of Digital Leadership in Managing Public Political Participation on Social Media: A Case Study of the North Maluku Provincial Government’s Response

2026-06-07T04:52:41+07:00

The increasing role of social media as a space for digital political participation allows direct interaction between the public and the government, yet the extent to which digital leadership can effectively manage this participation remains underexplored. This research aim to analyzes the application of digital leadership in responding to public political participation through social media with a case study on the TikTok account of the Governor of North Maluku, Sherly Tjoanda. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study method through social media mining techniques and qualitative content analysis of public comments. The analytical framework combines the concepts of digital leadership, online political participation, and responsiveness to see the relationship between leadership character, forms of participation, and government responses. The results of the study show that the digital leadership applied meets four main dimensions, namely message suitability, timeliness, technical mastery, and the ability to build relationships. Public participation is dominated by forms of activism/extra-representational voices that show the high involvement of citizens in conveying direct demands, especially related to infrastructure. In addition, the government's response has evolved from informal responses to substantive actions in the form of field visits, involvement of relevant agencies, and policy and budget adjustments. These findings confirm that social media can serve as an arena for effective political participation while encouraging government transparency and accountability, as well as strengthening the relationship between government and society in the digital age.

The Effect of Non-Physical Work Environment, Motivation, and Workload on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable on Perum DAMRI MAC Bus Drivers

2026-06-29T15:07:56+07:00

Employeeoperformance isothe level of success or workoresults achievedoby anoindividual inocarrying outotheir dutiesoand responsibilities during a certain period, which is measured based on standards or targets set by the organization. Theopurpose ofothis studyois toodetermine the analysis of non-physical work enviironment, motivation, and workload on employeoperformance withojob satisfactionoas an interveningovariable. Theoresearch methodoused inothis studyois a quantitativeoresearch method with a descriptiveoandoverification approach. Dataocollection techniques in thisostudy are interviews, questionnaires, andoobservations with a population of 90 drivers. Theosampling techniqueoused in thisostudy is a non-probability samplingotechnique with sensus sampling. The analytical tool in thisostudy is SmartPLS 4 for verification analysis. Testing of measurement models or outer models in this study is convergentovalidity, discriminantovalidity, AverageoVariance Extractedo (AVE), compositeoreliability, Cronbachoalpha. The structural model or inner models tested in this study were the coefficientoof determinationo (R²) and predictiveorelevance (Q²). Theoresults of thisostudy indiicate thatothe non-physiical work enviironment and motivation have a positiive and signiificant effectt on job satisfactiion partially, while workload has no effectt on job satisfactiion partially. Workload and satiisfaction have a posiitive and signifiicant effectt on peerformance, while the non-physiical work enviironment and motiivation have nooeffect onoperformance partially. Simultaneously, the effect is 76.1%, and the remaiining 23.9% is inflluenced by other facttors. Job satisfaction can mediate the non-physiical work enviironment and motivation on emplloyee perforrmance, but cannot mediate the effect of workload on emplloyee peerformance.

The Effect of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance, with Collectivism as a Mediating Variable and Power Distance as a Moderating Variable at the Darul Fikri Foundation in Makassar

2026-06-29T10:04:39+07:00

Employee performance is a critical factor in determining organizational success, particularly in educational institutions where teacher and staff performance directly impacts the quality of educational services and public trust. However, performance variations among employees at the Darul Fikri Foundation in Makassar indicate that performance is not yet fully optimal and consistent, suggesting the need to examine broader organizational factors beyond individual capabilities. This research aims to analyze the influence of organizational culture on employee performance with collectivism as a mediating variable at the Darul Fikri Foundation in Makassar. The research approach uses a quantitative method with regression-based data analysis techniques and mediation tests to examine the direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results show that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, and has a strong influence on collectivism. Collectivism is also proven to have a positive influence on employee performance and acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between organizational culture and performance. These findings indicate that organizational cultural values that emphasize togetherness, cooperation, and collective responsibility can increase employee collective orientation, which ultimately has an impact on improved performance. Thus, strengthening a consistent organizational culture oriented towards collective values is an important factor in creating optimal and sustainable employee performance, especially in the context of educational institutions.

The Effect of Hydrogel Containing Centella Asiatica Active Ingredient on Incision Wound Healing in Wistar Rats: A Systematic Review on VEGF and Fibroblasts

2026-06-26T14:03:41+07:00

Centella asiatica, commonly known as pegagan or gotu kola, is a traditional medicinal plant widely used across Asia for its wound-healing properties. Its key active constituents—asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid—have been associated with enhanced collagen synthesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, and stimulation of angiogenesis. However, the specific biomolecular role of C. asiatica-based hydrogel formulations in incision wound healing, particularly through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and fibroblast proliferation in Wistar rats, has not been systematically synthesized. This systematic review aims to consolidate current evidence regarding the effects of C. asiatica hydrogel on VEGF expression and fibroblast activity in incision wound models in Wistar rats, and to elucidate the underlying biomolecular mechanisms. The findings indicate that C. asiatica hydrogel formulations significantly upregulate VEGF expression, enhance fibroblast density, accelerate wound closure, and promote collagen deposition compared to control groups. These effects are mediated through PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smad, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Hydrogel concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 10% w/w have demonstrated optimal biological activity. Overall, C. asiatica hydrogel presents a promising topical intervention for incision wound healing; however, standardized clinical trials are still required to confirm its therapeutic efficacy and optimal formulation parameters.

A Systematic Literature Review of Supporting Factors for Big Data Analytics (BDA) in Public Sector Auditing

2026-06-30T22:28:22+07:00

The application of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in auditing offers significant benefits, including increased accountability and transparency, as well as reduced operational costs. BDA is also expected to improve the quality and reliability of audit results used for decision-making. The role of BDA in public sector auditing is crucial, as it helps detect anomalies or fraud, enhance oversight, and evaluate implemented policies. Despite its benefits, the application of BDA in public sector auditing still faces various challenges that need to be addressed. This study aims to analyze the factors that support the implementation of BDA in public sector auditing and identify the challenges encountered during its implementation. This research uses a systematic literature review (SLR) approach with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. The study also employs the Content Validity Index (CVI) to validate the relevance of the identified factors and their classification. The results reveal eight factors that support the use of BDA in public sector auditing: perceived organizational benefits; process management; data privacy, security, and governance; data quality; people aspects; auditor aspects; organizational aspects; and systems, tools, and technologies. Public sector auditing needs to consider these factors when implementing BDA to improve audit effectiveness, efficiency, and the quality of oversight. Proper implementation of BDA can strengthen transparency and accountability in public financial management and policy oversight.

Predicting Dual-WAN Failover Using a Variant of the RNN Algorithm for High-Availability Internet Networks

2026-07-02T13:18:02+07:00

The availability of the Internet network is very necessary for daily activities and in the business world. The need for the internet has been very massively used both with cell phones, personal computers and network computers using network hardware. One of the network hardware used in this study is a microtia router as load balancing. Failover prediction analysis with dual WAN to obtain Internet network availability using the RNN variant algorithm method to support stability performance in using the internet. Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an internet provider service used in this study, ISP Indihome 20 Mbps and ISP Telkomsel Modem Orbit GSM model HKM0130 use 4G prepaid cards as internet service providers. The purpose of this study is to predict the redirection of the internet from dual WAN to support the availability of the Internet network. With the stability method using algorithm support, this research provides convenience and algorithms in network reliability configuration. The results show that load balancing with PCC and ECMP methods combined with failover mechanisms significantly improves network performance. For 100 users, throughput increased from 90 Mbps to 180 Mbps, response time decreased from 150 ms to 70 ms, and packet loss dropped from 5% to 2%. The failover mechanism successfully maintains connectivity when one ISP line fails. In conclusion, the dual-WAN failover system with RNN-based prediction effectively ensures high-availability internet networks with proven reliability. The application of research results can be carried out by companies and education providers as well as for other needs.

Development of Social Studies E-Module Based on Culturally Responsive Teaching Containing Local Wisdom Ngalaksa Baliung: A Study Of Validity, Practicality, and Effectiveness in Improving The Collaboration Ability of Elementary School Students

2026-06-30T22:28:13+07:00

This research aimed to develop a Social Studies e-module based on Culturally Responsive Teaching incorporating the local wisdom of Ngalaksa Baliung to improve elementary school students’ collaboration skills. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The research subjects consisted of subject matter experts, media experts, teachers, and elementary school students. Data were collected through validation questionnaires, practicality questionnaires, collaboration skill tests, and observations. Data analysis techniques included Aiken’s V, Cronbach’s alpha, and the N-gain index. The results showed that the developed e-module had a high level of validity in terms of content, construct, and instructional design. The product also demonstrated a high level of practicality based on teacher and student responses and was effective in improving students’ collaboration skills, with improvements in the medium to high category. The integration of local wisdom values and culture-based learning approaches was proven to enhance students’ social engagement and interaction. This study contributes to the development of culturally based digital teaching materials that support the implementation of deep learning within the Independent Curriculum and strengthen elementary students’ collaborative character.

The Effect of Alkali Soaking Time on The Deflection of Coir Fiber Composites

2026-06-29T15:06:55+07:00

Natural fiber composites have the potential to serve as environmentally friendly materials; however, the quality of fiber–matrix interfacial bonding is strongly influenced by the initial treatment of the fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of alkali immersion time on the flexural deflection of epoxy-matrix palm fiber composites. Palm fibers were soaked in a 5% NaOH solution for varying durations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours. The composites were fabricated with a volume fraction of 70% epoxy and 30% palm fiber and were tested for flexural deflection in accordance with ASTM D790 under a constant load of 6 kg (≈58.86 N). Each variation was tested using three replicate specimens. The results showed that flexural deflection decreased as immersion time increased, reaching a minimum at 5 hours, and then increased again at 7 hours. The highest average deflection was observed in composites without alkali treatment (5.20 mm), while the lowest deflection (4.23 mm) occurred at 5 hours of immersion, indicating improved flexural rigidity. Statistical analysis showed a coefficient of variation below 6%, indicating good data consistency. This behavior is associated with the reduction of lignin and hemicellulose content and improved fiber–matrix interfacial bonding. Overall, an alkali immersion time of 5 hours was identified as the optimal condition for improving the flexural deflection performance of palm fiber–epoxy composites.

Integration of Augmented Reality in Natural Appearance Learning to Improve The Visual-Spatial Abilities of Elementary School Students

2026-06-30T22:30:48+07:00

This research aimed to investigated the effectiveness of a structured intervention program in enhancing spatial ability among twenty-one participants using a pretest-posttest design. Spatial ability was measured across four dimensions: Spatial Visualization, Spatial Orientation, Spatial Relations, and Mental Imagery. The intervention consisted of systematic training activities designed to develop multiple facets of spatial thinking. Results demonstrated substantial improvements in spatial ability following the intervention, with mean scores increasing from forty-eight point eight-nine at pretest to seventy-seven point four-six at posttest. This improvement represents a fifty-eight percent increase and yielded an exceptionally large effect size of four point three-eight, substantially exceeding the conventional threshold for large effects. The normalized gain analysis revealed a mean value of zero point five-six-five, classified as moderate effectiveness. Notably, the distribution of performance categories shifted dramatically, with all participants successfully transitioning from low to moderate or high performance levels. The paired samples t-test confirmed statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest scores. Improvements were balanced across all four spatial ability dimensions, ranging from fifty-two point nine percent to sixty-three point two percent, indicating that the intervention comprehensively addressed multiple aspects of spatial cognition rather than focusing narrowly on specific components. These findings provide robust evidence that spatial ability is a malleable cognitive competency that can be systematically developed through targeted instruction, with important implications for educational practice, particularly in STEM fields where spatial thinking is fundamental to success.

Evaluation of Electronic Health Record Data Quality: A Case Study of a Government General Hospital in Jakarta

2026-06-30T22:29:44+07:00

The digital transformation of healthcare is a global priority for improving service efficiency, information system integration, and data-driven decision-making. In Indonesia, government hospitals are pioneering the implementation of digital transformation policies through the SATUSEHAT program, which aligns with the Health Level Seven International (HL7) initiative to implement global health data interoperability standards. This program requires the hourly submission of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia’s SATUSEHAT platform, with the requirement that the data meet the dimensions of completeness, accuracy, timeliness, and consistency. This study aims to evaluate the quality of EHR data at a central government general hospital in Jakarta using the Total Data Quality Management (TDQM) framework and linking it to the principles of HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR). This study involved in-depth interviews with the EHR development team and a quantitative analysis of data from the hospital’s Health Information System (HIS) and data warehouse for outpatients during the period of December 1–31, 2025. The results showed that the quality of EHR data did not fully meet the four main dimensions of data quality. A total of 13.16% of EHR data was rejected by the SATUSEHAT platform. Key recommendations include synchronizing population data with the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration and improving data quality governance capabilities within government hospitals. This research provides a strategic contribution to national efforts to build an integrated, interoperable, and globally standardized digital health system.

The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality-Based Sispen Media in Improving the Understanding of The Digestive System Concept of Elementary School Students

2026-06-29T15:00:32+07:00

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of SISPEN (Digestive System) learning media based on Augmented Reality (AR) in improving elementary school students’ conceptual understanding of the human digestive system. The increasing demand for innovative digital learning media in the 21st century, particularly for abstract science topics, underscores the urgency of developing interactive and immersive learning tools. This research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest design. A total of 24 fifth-grade students aged 10–11 years from SDN Majalengka Wetan VII participated in this study and were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through conceptual understanding tests (pretest and posttest), student motivation questionnaires, and classroom observation sheets. The results showed a significant increase in students’ average scores from 52.33 (pretest) to 77.62 (posttest). The N-gain value of 0.54 indicated a moderate level of effectiveness, with 63% of students categorized in the moderate gain category and 21% in the high gain category. The paired-sample t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest scores (t = 38.77, p < 0.05). In addition, students demonstrated a very positive response toward the AR-based media, with an average motivation score of 3.49 (very good category). These findings suggest that SISPEN AR-based learning media effectively enhances both cognitive understanding and learning motivation among elementary school students. This study contributes to the development of AR-based digital learning media aligned with constructivist pedagogy and the TPACK framework in Indonesian primary education contexts.

The Selection of Project Construction Method to Achieve the OTOBOSOROR Goal at Blue Ammonia Project

2026-05-20T17:15:50+07:00

PT. Kilang Pertamina Internasional (PT KPI) is mandated to support the Government's Strategic Program on the Green Economy Pioneer through the development of the Blue Ammonia Plant project, which must be executed in accordance with the OTOBOSOROR target (On Time, On Budget, On Specification, On Regulation, and On Return). One of the most critical milestones in project implementation is the selection of the Project Construction Method, a complex decision influenced by multiple internal and external factors. This research evaluated construction methods Stick Built, Modularization, Pre-Assembly Unit (PSU), and their combination using an integrated SWOT Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The OTOBOSOROR target is translated into SWOT factors to formulate strategies that leverage Strengths, address Weaknesses, capitalize on Opportunities, and mitigate Threats. In the AHP framework, SWOT factors are ranked through pairwise comparisons, systematically converting the Project Team's qualitative judgments into a numerical basis for decision-making. The results identified the four most influential parameters in selecting the construction method: Manpower availability and expertise (18.38%), Support from Government (13.20%), Proven experience in mega project operations (11.93%), and Technology maturity (7.21%). Furthermore, the optimal construction method is the combination of Stick-Built, Modularization, and Pre-Assembly Unit (PSU), with the results demonstrating robustness across varying criteria weights in sensitivity analysis. These findings provide a strategic framework for PT KPI to achieve the OTOBOSOROR objectives while accommodating internal capabilities and external environmental conditions.

A Legal Review of Criminal Offenses Related to Animal Quarantine for Animals Lacking Health Certificates Under Law No. 21 Of 2019

2026-06-29T13:03:54+07:00

Animal quarantine is an essential measure to prevent the entry, exit, and spread of quarantinable animal diseases that may endanger public health, food security, and the sustainability of biological resources. In practice, cases still occur involving the transportation and distribution of animals without health certificates, which may constitute legal violations and pose threats to both animal and human health. This study aimed to analyze the legal regulation concerning criminal acts related to animal quarantine involving animals without health certificates under Law Number 21 of 2019 concerning Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine, as well as to examine the implementation and law enforcement against offenders based on applicable criminal provisions. The research method used was normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consisted of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, which were analyzed qualitatively.The legal framework governing animal quarantine is regulated under Law Number 21 of 2019 concerning Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine, Law Number 18 of 2009 concerning Animal Husbandry and Animal Health as amended by Law Number 41 of 2014, along with relevant implementing regulations. The results of the study indicate that every importation and transportation of animals must be accompanied by a health certificate issued by an authorized official as proof of animal health and as a measure to prevent disease transmission. Violations of this obligation may result in administrative and criminal sanctions in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 21 of 2019.

Analysis Of Musculoskeletal Complaints Among Packing Workers In The Frozen Food Industry: Japanese Taiyaki Cakes

2026-06-29T14:59:35+07:00

Background:Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common occupational health problems caused by non-ergonomic postures and repetitive activities. Every year, more than 2.3 million workers die due to occupational accidents and diseases, including musculoskeletal complaints. Such conditions were also observed in a frozen Japanese Taiyaki cake industry in Indonesia, particularly among packing workers who stand for long periods and perform repetitive movements such as lifting, bending, and arranging products into packages. These activities are suspected to increase the risk of MSDs. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints among packing workers in the frozen food industry. Method: A cross-sectional design was applied, involving 75 workers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire along with respondent characteristics. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Result: The results showed a prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints of 62.7%, with the most affected body parts being the lower back (40%), shoulders (26.7%), and neck (20%). The Chi-square analysis revealed that working duration of ≥ 8 hours per day (p = 0.001) and work period > 5 years (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with MSDs, while age and gender showed no significant relationship. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of MSDs among packing workers in the frozen food industry was relatively high, with work duration and length of employment as the main contributing factors. Ergonomic interventions such as work schedule adjustment, task rotation, and active stretching programs are recommended to reduce musculoskeletal complaints.

Factors Influencing Investors’ Investment Decisions in Crowdfunding Financial Technology (Case Study: Danamart Platform)

2026-06-26T14:32:44+07:00

The rapid development of financial technology (fintech) in Indonesia has given rise to various innovative financing alternatives, one of which is Securities Crowdfunding (SCF), which provides capital solutions for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through digital crowdfunding platforms. As a relatively new investment instrument in Indonesia, SCF presents both opportunities and challenges for investors and prospective investors in making investment decisions. This research aims to determine the effect of Organizer (X1), Issuer (X2), Risk (X3), Securities (X4), on Investment Decisions (Y) of Investors / Potential Investors on the Danamart platform and the role of ALUDI to influence and increase the interest of Investors / Potential Investors to invest in crowdfunding services. The population in this study is the Investor / Potential Investor on the Danamart platform and the sample technique used in this study is random sampling. This research uses SPSS Version 29.00 software, analysis using quantitative and qualitative methods (mixed method) with descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing using binary logistic regression analysis. The results showed that: (1) Organizers have a significant effect on Investment Decisions. (2) Issuer has a significant effect on Investment Decisions. (3) Risk has a significant effect on Investment Decisions. (4) Securities have no significant effect on Investment Decisions. Simultaneously the Organizer (X1), Issuer (X2), Risk (X3), Securities (X4) variables have a significant effect on Investment Decisions as evidenced in the Omnibus Test of Model Coefficients table sig value. 0,001 < 0,05.

The Effectiveness of The Child Protection Law in Addressing Bullying in Educational Settings

2026-06-29T12:34:15+07:00

This study aims to normatively analyze the effectiveness of The Effectiveness of the Child Protection Law in Addressing Bullying in Educational Settings in preventing and addressing bullying within educational environments. The research focuses on the legal framework stipulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 on Child Protection, Law Number 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, and other related regulations governing the protection of children from physical, psychological, verbal, and digital violence in educational institutions. This study employs normative legal research methods using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings indicate that the Child Protection Law provides a strong normative legal foundation to guarantee children’s rights to protection from all forms of violence, discrimination, and bullying in educational settings. However, its practical effectiveness remains constrained by several challenges, including weak institutional supervision, inadequate reporting mechanisms, limited anti-bullying education, and insufficient coordination among schools, parents, and law enforcement authorities. These obstacles often result in suboptimal handling of bullying cases, thereby failing to ensure maximum protection for victims and appropriate rehabilitation for child offenders. This study concludes that strengthening legal implementation requires policy harmonization, enhanced institutional oversight, preventive educational strategies, and law enforcement approaches that prioritize child protection and the best interests of the child within educational environments. Such measures are essential to ensure a safer and more legally protected educational system for children in Indonesia.

Strategic Competitiveness Enhancement of a Local Business Hotel: A Data-Driven SWOT and QSPM Approach at Permata Hotel Bogor

2026-05-25T14:14:15+07:00

This study aims to formulate competitive strategies for Permata Hotel Bogor as a local business hotel in response to increasing competition and the ongoing digital transformation in the hospitality industry. The research adopts a mixed-method approach with a sequential exploratory design, combining qualitative insights, customer perceptions derived from online reviews, and quantitative strategic analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), observation, and documentation. In addition, customer reviews were analyzed using R Studio through text mining and sentiment analysis to identify key issues, sentiment intensity, and their impact on customer satisfaction. The identified factors were then evaluated using IFAS and EFAS matrices, followed by SWOT analysis, and prioritized using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The findings show that strengthening digital marketing and optimizing Online Travel Agent (OTA) channels is the top priority strategy (TAS = 3.07), followed by market diversification (2.87) and facility modernization (2.68). Overall, this study highlights the importance of adopting a data-driven strategic approach to enhance competitiveness in the hospitality industry.

Enforcement of Laws Governing the Issuance of Limited-Stay Visas as a State Policy Instrument to Support the Investment Climate: A Constitutional Law Perspective

2026-06-30T22:27:00+07:00

The problems that exist in Indonesia, which require the state to attract foreign investment, are also caused by other factors, particularly the benefits or profits received by the country. The form of research used in this thesis is normative juridical research, which refers to legal norms contained in laws and regulations. This study employs a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data in this study were analyzed qualitatively, meaning that the research method refers to legal norms contained in statutory regulations. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between business law and immigration law in relation to foreign investment is regulated under Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Philosophically, and in the spirit of globalization, the use of foreign workers in developing countries is intended to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and technology. This is in line with the continuity of business and investment in Indonesia. The issuance of Limited-Stay Visas for foreign investment, from the perspective of business law, constitutes a form of state sovereignty within a rule-of-law state, which has full authority to determine and regulate the limits for foreigners residing in a country. Restrictions on residence permits are intended to protect national interests in social, cultural, economic, employment, security, and public order aspects.

The Influence of Parents' Socio-Economic Status, Motivation, Self-Efficacy, Teacher-Student Interactions on Interest in Entering Higher Students

2026-06-29T10:05:50+07:00

Education is a crucial asset for the development of society and the nation. However, the low percentage of individuals pursuing higher education in Indonesia remains a concern that requires further investigation. Various factors influence students’ decisions not to continue their education at the tertiary level. This study aims to analyze the influence of parents’ socioeconomic status, self-efficacy, motivation, and academic achievement on students’ interest in pursuing higher education. The research adopted a quantitative approach, with data collected from 48 Social Sciences students at Cimindi Adventist High School. Causal relationships were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that parents’ socioeconomic status, self-efficacy, motivation, and academic achievement have a significant positive effect on students’ interest in continuing their education. These results emphasize the importance of teachers and school management in consistently enhancing student motivation and self-efficacy, particularly for students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, to encourage continued engagement in higher education. Participation in higher education is strongly influenced by factors such as parents’ socioeconomic status, motivation, self-efficacy, and academic achievement. Therefore, it is crucial for schools and educators to provide adequate support, especially to students from low-income backgrounds, to motivate them to pursue higher education.

Analysis and Optimization of the High-Voltage Rewinding Process in Electric Motors and Generators to Improve Performance and Energy Efficiency

2026-06-29T10:11:53+07:00

Motors and generators play a very important role in the industrial sector. These machines often fail due to overload, poor power quality, or internal winding faults, which necessitate rewinding efforts. Analysis And Optimization Of The High-Voltage Rewinding Process In Electric Motors And Generators To Improve Performance And Energy Efficiency refers to the process of rewinding the coil windings in an electric motor or generator when the original winding is damaged, the insulation quality has deteriorated, or the machine experiences malfunction. This process should include analytical procedures that can predict and estimate the efficiency of rewound motors and generators, helping energy managers make more cost-effective decisions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the rewinding process on high-voltage electric motors and generators in relation to energy performance and efficiency, as well as to evaluate its impact on system reliability and operational performance. The research methodology for motors and generators includes several stages: testing, dismantling, data collection, repair, coil fabrication, coil testing, coil insertion, varnishing, oven curing, assembly, and final testing. After rewinding, efficiency and performance analyses were conducted during the no-load and load tests to compare conditions before and after the rewinding process of the motor and generator. The results indicate that after rewinding, performance targets were achieved, including improved energy efficiency and enhanced motor or generator performance, as demonstrated by test results before and after rewinding. Additionally, the no-load and load test results met acceptable standards for vibration, current (amperage), voltage, and power.

The Study of Delivery Medicine Using ENDS Device: A Bromhexine Study Case

2026-06-30T22:32:39+07:00

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) have been used over the last decade as substitutes for conventional cigarettes. The delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using these devices has been reported in the literature; however, many puffs are required to achieve a therapeutic dose. This study aimed to deliver and measure bromhexine hydrochloride (BRM) as an API via inhalation using an e-liquid formulation. The e-liquid was obtained by trapping the aerosol and measuring the concentration using high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Our study demonstrated that five puffs accumulated 3.3156 ng/mL of BRM, and the efficiency of the ENDS device was calculated to be 99.8%. In addition, computational simulations were performed, resulting in a binding affinity of BRM of −7.3 kcal mol⁻¹, compared with −8.1 kcal mol⁻¹ for salbutamol. Nevertheless, BRM formed a hydrogen bond between the amine group and Ser204, π-alkyl bonds with Ala200 and Val114, and alkyl interactions with Phe289 and Phe290. However, the BRM interaction with the protein did not form a stable complex in the dynamic simulation, although it may act as an allosteric modulator or partial agonist. The results of this study corroborate previous findings that ENDS technology may offer broad innovations for inhaled medicines.

The Role of Employee Engagement in Linking Supportive Workplace Environment and Digital-Era Enablers to Employee Performance: Evidence from Indonesia

2026-06-29T10:10:00+07:00

In the era of digital transformation, organizations face increasing challenges in aligning Supportive Workplace Environment practices with various Digital-Era Enablers in order to sustain and enhance Employee Engagement and Employee Performance. This study aims to empirically examine the effects of Supportive Workplace Environment—comprising Work Recognition, Work Motivation, and Career Development—and Digital-Era Enablers—including Knowledge Sharing, Employee Mobility, Training & Development, and Psychological Empowerment—on Employee Engagement, as well as the subsequent effect of Employee Engagement on Employee Performance. This study employs a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design involving 317 permanent employees across various industries in Indonesia. The research instrument was developed by integrating questionnaire items derived from two primary reference journals. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and simple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that Psychological Empowerment, Training & Development, Work Recognition, and Knowledge Sharing have positive and statistically significant effects on Employee Engagement. In contrast, Work Motivation, Career Development, and Employee Mobility do not exhibit statistically significant effects. Furthermore, Employee Engagement is found to have a positive and statistically significant effect on Employee Performance. These findings suggest that in an increasingly digitalized work environment, employee engagement is more strongly influenced by factors that enhance psychological autonomy, capability development, and knowledge exchange mechanisms than by traditional motivational practices. This study contributes to the literature by integrating Supportive Workplace Environment and Digital-Era Enablers into a single empirical framework.

Indonesian Society Perception in Intervention of Solar Panel Incentives

2026-06-29T15:01:55+07:00

The use of residential solar panels is gradually being intensified by the government. Policies to support residential solar panel adoption are also being developed. In relation to policy implementation in Indonesia, field conditions need to be properly understood to ensure effective policy performance. This study, *Indonesian Society Perception in Intervention of Solar Panel Incentives*, examines the views of Indonesian society regarding solar panel incentives and their role in the decision to adopt solar panels. The aim is to identify incentives that are most suitable for implementation in Indonesia. Incentives identified based on the literature review include Feed-in Tariff, Net Metering, R&D Investment, Green Certification, and Education & Awareness Programs. This study uses the SODA (Strategic Options Development and Analysis) approach. Data collection was conducted through structured interviews. Interviews were carried out with households using solar panels as their main source of electricity to meet energy needs in the Yogyakarta area, as well as potential adopters who are part of an energy community. This community expressed both positive and negative perceptions of each incentive. The results indicate a positive perception of Feed-in Tariff, Net Metering, and Education & Awareness Programs, as these three incentives are considered more feasible and applicable within the current Indonesian context. Meanwhile, R&D Investment and Green Certification are perceived negatively, as they are considered costly and less directly beneficial for immediate adoption. Based on these findings, the most suitable incentive for Indonesian society is the Education & Awareness Program.

Management Strategies for Enhancing the Quality of Student Learning Processes in the Digital age

2026-06-05T10:18:51+07:00

This research aims to describe management strategies for strengthening the quality of students' learning processes in the digital era at SDIT Nurul Hayah Ketanggungan Brebes. The study is motivated by the need for elementary schools to respond to digital transformation pedagogically so that technology can optimally support learning quality. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the principal, teachers, and educational staff as informants. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and interactive conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that management strategies for strengthening the quality of students' learning processes in the digital era have been implemented systematically, with management playing a crucial role in strengthening learning quality through strategic planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation. The implications of these strategies are reflected in increased student engagement, learning flexibility, and the development of 4C competencies (critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication) as well as digital literacy. This study contributes to the development of digital-based educational management at the elementary school level, confirming that school management has a significant role in improving the quality of students' learning processes in the digital era.

The Effectiveness of Digital-Based Traditional Games in Improving The Ability to Solve Numeracy Story Problems for Elementary School Students

2026-06-30T22:29:34+07:00

This study aimed to test the effectiveness of digital-based traditional games in improving third-grade elementary school students’ ability to solve numeracy story problems. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group design. The participants were 40 third-grade students from SD Sukarajawetan II, who were divided into an experimental group of 20 students who received numeracy instruction using digital-based traditional games and a control group of 20 students who received conventional instruction. Data were collected through pretest and posttest instruments consisting of 20 essay questions that measured students’ ability to understand the problem context, determine relevant operations, plan solution strategies, and perform calculations accurately. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples and paired-samples *t*-tests, normalized gain (N-gain), and effect size (Cohen’s *d*). The results showed that both groups had equivalent initial abilities; however, the experimental group showed significantly greater improvement than the control group. The experimental group achieved a higher mean posttest score and a moderate N-gain, whereas the control group showed a lower N-gain category. The effect size analysis revealed a large practical impact of the intervention. These findings suggest that digital-based traditional games are more effective than conventional methods in improving students’ ability to solve numeracy story problems. The integration of local cultural games into the digital learning environment not only strengthens conceptual understanding but also increases student engagement and motivation in mathematics learning.

Abortion Dispensation Due to Verified Contraceptive Failure: A Normative Juridical Study of Article 60 of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health

2026-06-29T10:06:59+07:00

Indonesia faces a paradox in its reproductive health policy: while actively promotes the Family Planning program but explicitly acknowledges the possibility of contraceptive failure under Law Number 52 of 2009. It fails to provide a legal remedy when such failure

results in unintended pregnancy. Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health and Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code (KUHP) permit abortion only under limited exceptions. Namely, medical emergencies and pregnancies among rape victims, without accommodating contraceptive failure, notwithstanding the State’s recognition that such failures may occur. This study aims to (1) analyze the legal standing of unintended pregnancy resulting from verified contraceptive failure within the framework of exceptions to the prohibition of abortion and (2) develop a contextually legal dispensation model for abortion in such cases within the Indonesian legal system. The research employs a normative legal method, utilizing conceptual, statutory and comparative approaches. Secondary legal materials are examined through systematic, teleological and extensive interpretation, alongside a comparative analysis of six selected countries. The findings demonstrated that the legal status of contraceptive failure is characterized by a condition of normative incompleteness (onvolledigheid van de norm), thereby undermining the principles of legal certainty and protection. Interpretation of “medical emergency” grounded in the World Health Organization’s definition of health, may serve as an entry point to accommodate such cases. The appropriate legal construction lies in the establishment of a dispensation mechanism, implemented through an integrated dispensation panel at the district/city level.

The Effectiveness of Culturally Responsive Teaching-Based E-Motic in Improving The Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students

2026-06-30T22:32:11+07:00

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of *The Effectiveness of Culturally Responsive Teaching-Based E-Motic in Improving The Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students* in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design model. The participants involved 60 students in Grade V, who were divided into two groups, namely 30 students in the experimental group and 30 students in the control group, with relatively homogeneous characteristics in terms of age, socioeconomic background, and initial academic achievement. The research instruments included critical thinking ability tests based on indicators of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation; observation sheets on learning implementation; and student response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests through independent sample t-tests and effect size calculations. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group after treatment (p < 0.05), with a large effect-size category. The increase in critical thinking scores in the experimental group was higher than in the control group across all indicators. In addition, the implementation of learning was in the “very good” category, and the students’ responses to the use of E-MOTIC showed a very positive acceptance rate. These findings indicate that the integration of thematic digital modules with a culturally responsive teaching approach is effective in creating contextual, meaningful learning oriented toward strengthening higher-order thinking skills in primary schools.

Enhancing Master Data Management Maturity: A Case Study of Institution XYZ

2026-06-29T12:22:06+07:00

Data has become a strategic asset that supports decision-making in the digital era. Master Data Management (MDM) is used to assure quality, accuracy, and consistency of master data. However, government electronic certification services face challenges related to data inconsistencies due to the use of two applications with separate databases. This study assessed the MDM maturity level in government electronic certification services (Institution XYZ) using the Spruit & Pietzka Master Data Management Maturity Model (MD3M). It then provided improvement recommendations aligned with the Data Management Body of Knowledge (DMBOK). The research applied five domains: data model, data quality, use and ownership, data protection, and maintenance, encompassing 62 required capabilities. Data were collected through interviews with the data management team. The results indicated that 69.36% of the capabilities in the MD3M model had been implemented.This study identified areas for improvement in master data management within government electronic certification services and provided strategic recommendations to enhance data management effectiveness. This approach is expected to support more effective, secure, and standardized data management in accordance with organizational and regulatory requirements.

The Influence of Affiliate Marketing on Millennial Tourists’ Intention To Visit Bali with Brand Trust as A Mediating Variable

2026-07-01T11:21:32+07:00

Digital marketing transformation has reshaped tourist decision-making, particularly among millennials who rely heavily on influencer-generated content. This study investigates the influence of affiliate marketing on millennials’ intention to visit Bali, with brand trust serving as a mediating variable. Adopting a quantitative approach, data were collected from 500 respondents who had never visited Bali but had been exposed to affiliate marketing content. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for data analysis. The results indicate that affiliate marketing has a positive and significant direct effect on both brand trust and visit intention. Brand trust, in turn, significantly enhances visit intention and partially mediates the relationship between affiliate marketing and visit intention. The indirect effect through brand trust is stronger than the direct effect, underscoring the central role of trust in digital tourism marketing. These findings contribute to the digital marketing and tourism literature and offer actionable implications for destination managers seeking to design trust-oriented affiliate marketing strategies to attract millennial tourists to Bali.

The Influence of University X's Marketing Mix on Prospective Students' Purchase Intention in Bandung City

2026-03-09T08:13:52+07:00

This study analyzes the effect of service marketing mix elements—product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence—on the purchase intention of prospective students toward University X in Bandung. The research addresses increasing competition among private universities and declining new student enrollment, which require more effective marketing strategies. A quantitative survey method was employed with 326 respondents from 60 high schools, vocational schools, and community learning centers in Bandung and the surrounding areas. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on 241 respondents in grades 10–12 who were aware of University X, with the results compared to those of 145 respondents from grades 11–12. In the overall analysis, price and people significantly influence purchase intention, while promotion shows a very weak effect. Product, place, and physical evidence show no significant effect. In the grade 11–12 segment, process is the only significant variable. The findings recommend marketing strategies focused on improving pricing and scholarship schemes, enhancing human resource competencies among lecturers, academic staff, students, and alumni, strengthening promotional efforts, and optimizing service processes. The study confirms that, in the higher education context, price, people, and process are dominant predictors of purchase intention, providing strategic insights for University X decision-makers.

The Effectiveness of Natural Environment Teaching in Improving Early Numeracy Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Inclusive Elementary Schools: A Single Subject Research Study

2026-07-01T11:22:29+07:00

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Natural Environment Teaching (NET) in improving early numeracy skills among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in inclusive elementary school settings. Early numeracy is a fundamental academic prerequisite that is often impaired in children with ASD due to core deficits in communication, cognitive flexibility, and generalization. This study employed a quantitative approach using a Single Subject Research (SSR) design with a multiple baseline across participants. Three children with ASD (DSM-5 Level 1–2), aged 6–8 years and enrolled in inclusive elementary schools, participated in the study. The intervention was conducted over 12 sessions (approximately 30–45 minutes each), integrating numeracy learning into natural classroom activities. Data were collected through direct observation and frequency recording and analyzed using visual analysis and the Percentage of Non-Overlapping Data (PND) method. Interobserver agreement (IOA) averaged 92.3%, while implementation fidelity averaged 91.7%. The results revealed consistent improvement across all participants, from baseline phases (mean 21.7%–31.7%) to intervention phases (57.5%–63.8%), with PND scores ranging from 90%–100%, indicating a highly effective intervention. Skill maintenance was observed at 72.5%–82.5%, demonstrating strong learning retention. These findings confirm that NET is an effective and ecologically valid naturalistic instructional approach for improving numeracy skills in children with ASD in inclusive educational settings.