Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies

The Emergence of Ideologies in the Post-Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Realist and Genealogical Geopolitical Analysis

Cahaya Mulyani Sakti, Mohammad Izdiyan Muttaqin, Hendra Kurniawan — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Beyond the Middle East, this confrontation has evolved into a major international political issue with profound global repercussions. The shifting regional landscape and the realignment of alliances underscore the deep geopolitical dimensions shaped by the conflict. Rather than serving as neutral mediators, several global political actors have viewed this confrontation as an arena to consolidate and expand their influence in the Middle East, further intensifying the escalation. This phenomenon has fostered the emergence of diverse ideological movements responding to the conflict, particularly to the colonization undertaken by Zionist forces. This study examines how the Arab-Israeli conflict has shaped the modern global political order through a historical lens, leading to the emergence and transformation of ideological currents. Employing a qualitative approach that integrates historical analysis, case study, and genealogical discourse analysis within the frameworks of classical realism and geopolitical theory, the research traces the evolution of ideologies on both sides of the conflict. The findings reveal a complex landscape of ideological responses, categorized into Arab resistance movements (Pan-Arabism, Anti-Colonialism, Marxism/Arab Socialism), religion-based movements (Hamas, Hezbollah, Jewish Anti-Zionism, Revisionist Zionism, Religious Zionism, Christian Zionism), and global movements (Neoconservatism, BDS). The study concludes that the Arab-Israeli conflict is not merely a territorial struggle but an ideological battle encompassing questions of identity, religion, and global power, which significantly complicates the pursuit of a just and lasting peace.

The Relationship Between Knowledge Level of Noise Exposure and the Pattern of Personal Listening Devices (PLDS) Usage

Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between the level of knowledge about noise exposure and PLDs usage patterns among 2024 Cohort Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, by describing PLD usage patterns based on user characteristics and type, duration of exposure, and volume of use. The study employs a descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional approach involving 154 students. This study uses the chi-square test, strengthened by the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that most students using PLDs were women (72.1%) and aged ≥18 years (94.2%). Knowledge levels were mostly categorized as good (86.4%). PLD usage patterns by type were predominantly in-ear (69.5%), with duration of exposure ≤60 minutes (58.4%) and volume ≤60% (81.8%). A significant relationship existed between knowledge level about noise exposure and PLD usage patterns [based on type (p = 0.006), duration of exposure (p = 0.001), and volume (p = 0.000)], with an odds ratio indicating that good knowledge was 214.5 times more likely to be associated with good usage patterns (OR > 1). The research analysis confirmed a relationship between knowledge level about noise exposure and PLD usage patterns.

The Association Between Menstrual Hygiene Practices and Pruritus vulvae Among Female Students at MTS Siti Khadijah Sindangwangi, Majalengka, Indonesia (2020)

Muhidin Muhidin, Teten Rustendi, Muslimin Muslimin, Rokhmatul Hikhmat — Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Menstrual hygiene practices are essential to be implemented as part of efforts to prevent and control infections, prevent skin damage, enhance comfort, and maintain personal hygiene. This study aimed to determine the association between menstrual hygiene practices and the incidence of Pruritus vulvae among female students at MTs Siti Khadijah Sindangwangi, Majalengka, in 2020. This study employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The independent variable was menstrual hygiene practices, while the dependent variable was Pruritus vulvae. The study population consisted of 74 female students who had experienced menstruation at MTs Siti Khadijah Sindangwangi, Majalengka, in 2020, with a sample of 62 students selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and processed through editing, coding, data entry, and tabulation. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed that 30 respondents (48.4%) had good menstrual hygiene practices, and 37 respondents (59.7%) experienced moderate Pruritus vulvae. The Spearman rank test revealed a significant result (p = 0.000 < α = 0.05), indicating that the alternative hypothesis was accepted. This finding demonstrates a significant association between menstrual hygiene practices and the incidence of Pruritus vulvae among female students.

The Influence of Influencer Marketing and Content Marketing on Rucas. Co Purchasing Decisions: The Mediating Role of Customer Engagement and Moderating Role of Fomo (A Study of Generation Z)

Victor Anugrah Sirait, Yenny Purwati — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of influencer marketing and content marketing on purchase decisions for Rucas.co, with customer engagement as a mediating variable and fear of missing out (FOMO) as a moderating variable. A quantitative approach was employed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with a sample of 300 Generation Z respondents in Indonesia. The findings reveal that influencer marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, whereas content marketing has a positive but insignificant effect. Furthermore, customer engagement is proven to mediate the relationship between influencer marketing, content marketing, and purchase decisions. In addition, FOMO moderates the relationship between influencer marketing and purchase decisions but does not moderate the relationship between content marketing and purchase decisions. These results suggest that companies, particularly fashion brands such as Rucas.co, should prioritize credible influencer marketing strategies and relevant content to strengthen customer engagement and ultimately drive purchase decisions.

Gender Analysis of Prostitution Localization Closure Policy in Jember Regency

Friscilia Vita Anggraeni, Emy Kholifah Rachmaningsih — Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study critically explores the policy on the closure of prostitution areas in Jember Regency through a gender equity lens. The policy, established under Regional Regulation No. 14 of 2001 and Regent's Decree No. 188.45/39/012/2007, was grounded in moral considerations and supported by public demand. Nevertheless, its implementation has produced unintended consequences, particularly for former female sex workers who have lost their primary source of income, experienced persistent social stigma, and encountered limited access to empowerment programs designed to support their transition into alternative livelihoods. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research draws on interviews, observations, and document analysis. The data were examined through Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis model. The study adopts Caroline Moser's (1993) Gender Analysis Pathway to assess four key dimensions: access, participation, control, and benefits, while William N. Dunn's (2015) policy analysis framework is applied to evaluate the rationality and substance of the policy. The findings suggest that the closure policy has yet to embody the principles of gender equity. Former sex workers face reduced access to economic opportunities and information, are not meaningfully involved in policy processes, have limited control over their economic choices, and receive insufficient benefits due to weak program implementation. These conditions indicate a gap between policy intentions and practical outcomes. Therefore, this study advocates for a more inclusive and gender-responsive policy reformulation, emphasizing integrated rehabilitation efforts, vocational skill development, and sustained economic support to ensure long-term social and economic reintegration for affected women.

Analysis of Mentor Competency Standard Setting in Talent Management Policy in Indonesian National Police (POLRI)

Temmy  Esterlita,  Mala  Sondang Silitonga — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes the factors determining the mentor competency standards within the Talent Management Policy of the Indonesian National Police (Polri). The research aims to formulate an effective mentoring framework that supports human resource excellence in line with Indonesia’s 2045 vision. Using a qualitative approach, the study explores the dynamics between mentors, talents, and policy implementers through in-depth interviews and document analysis. The research integrates the Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) theory, Person–Environment Fit model, and Competency Model by Boyatzis and Spencer & Spencer to identify key dimensions influencing mentor effectiveness—trust, respect, and mutual obligation. Findings indicate that mentor competence is shaped by integrity, professional expertise, emotional intelligence, and commitment to organizational values. However, implementation challenges persist due to limited competency-based training, high workload, and the lack of standardized evaluation mechanisms. Through the SOAR (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, Results) analysis, four strategic directions are proposed: institutionalizing core mentoring values, leveraging digital transformation, establishing national competency standards, and promoting cross-agency collaboration. The study concludes that strengthening mentor competencies is not merely an administrative reform but a transformational effort to cultivate adaptive, ethical, and service-oriented leadership within Polri. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of a professional, sustainable talent management system supporting Indonesia’s human resource transformation toward Indonesia Emas 2045.

Financial Inclusion and Laku Pandai Program on Individual Bank Profitability: Case Study in Indonesia

Ruth Margaretha Setiawan, Chaikal Nuryakin — Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study attempts to investigate the effect of the level of financial inclusion and the Laku Pandai program on individual bank profitability. Because from the bank's point of view, profitability is needed for business continuity. This study uses a financial inclusion index with a macro approach where there are three dimensions considered, namely penetration, availability, and usage, which will be processed using two-stage PCA. There are 31 banks that joined Laku Pandai, and all of them will be included in the sample using the Fixed Effect model. The period used in the research is from the initial implementation year of the Laku Pandai program (2015) to 2021. The results of the research show that the effect of financial inclusion on individual bank profitability has yet to be proven. Apart from that, the difference in the implementation of the Laku Pandai program in the control and treatment groups did not produce a significant difference in ROA in this dataset but resulted in a significant negative difference in ROE. Therefore, the authorities need to review the financial inclusion program through banks (bank-based). The behavior of underbanked and unbanked populations' financial transactions may not be in accordance with the banking business model.

Criminal Liability of Participants in the Commission of the Crime of Fraud (A Study of Decision Number: 46/Pid.B/2021 PN MGG)

Try Romanto Wibisono — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Fraud is a criminal offense against property, primarily regulated under Article 378 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP). This crime may be committed jointly with others, known as participation. The criminal liability of each participant can vary based on their role and involvement. This study applies a normative legal research method using secondary data from literature studies, analyzed through qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the findings in Decision No. 46/Pid.B/2021/PN Mgg, the defendants fulfilled the criteria of criminal responsibility (actus reus) by committing acts prohibited under Article 378 in conjunction with Article 55(1) to 1 of the Criminal Code, consistent with Hans Kelsen's theory of legal responsibility. Gustav Radbruch's theory of legal certainty further emphasizes that law must be both certain and fair, taking into account all relevant aspects of the case. The panel of judges found the defendants legally and convincingly guilty of jointly committing fraud. Consequently, sentences of one year and ten months, and one year and two months of imprisonment were imposed. The judge's considerations included legal grounds, trial facts, witness testimonies, evidence, judicial conviction, and applicable criminal sanctions.

The Role of Digitalization in Moderating the Impact of Location, Labor, and Capital on the Productivity of Micro Culinary Businesses in Surabaya

Ilfi Ayu Lestari, Hadi Sumarsono, Agus Sumanto — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Micro-culinary enterprises have a strategic role in the urban economy but still face challenges of low productivity due to limited utilization of production factors and operational efficiency. This research aims to analyze the influence of location, labor, and capital values on the productivity of culinary micro-businesses in the city of Surabaya and to examine the role of digitalization in reducing business technical inefficiency. The analysis employed Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) with a Cobb–Douglas production function, using primary survey data from culinary micro-enterprises in Surabaya. The estimation results show that location, labor, and capital each have a positive and significant effect on productivity. Location value is the most dominant factor, followed by capital and labor. The technical efficiency analysis indicates that the average efficiency level of culinary micro businesses is 0.8629, which suggests that business actors have operated quite efficiently but still have the potential to increase productivity by 13.71%. Digitalization has been shown to play a significant role in reducing technical inefficiencies, even though it does not have a direct influence on productivity increases. Digitalization strengthens the utilization of production inputs by increasing the operational efficiency of marketing and business management. Increasing the productivity of culinary micro businesses depends not only on increasing production inputs but also on strengthening business efficiency through the use of digital technology. The micro business development strategy needs to be directed toward improving input quality as well as accelerating digital transformation to foster sustainable business competitiveness.

The Relationship between Self Efficacy and Family Social Support on the Psychological Well-Being of Honorary Teachers

Yoana Elvita Fetriana, Lucia Hernawati — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The precarious employment status and inadequate welfare of honorary teachers in Indonesia potentially undermine their psychological well-being, which is crucial for educational quality. This study aims to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and family social support with the psychological well-being of honorary teachers. A correlational quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a population study technique. The entire population of 60 honorary teachers from an educational foundation in Semarang City, with a minimum of two years of service, participated as the sample. Data were collected using three adapted scales: the Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (RSPWB), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and a family social support scale, all of which demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.9). Multiple linear regression analysis was used for data analysis. The results revealed that self-efficacy and family social support together had a significant positive correlation with the psychological well-being of honorary teachers (R = 0.618, p < 0.01), contributing 38.2% to its variance. Partially, both self-efficacy (β = 0.336, p < 0.05) and family social support (β = 0.343, p < 0.05) were significant positive predictors. The findings imply that strengthening teachers’ self-belief in their capabilities and fostering a supportive family environment are crucial strategies for enhancing their psychological well-being. This study underscores the need for policies that not only address the economic welfare of honorary teachers but also consider psychosocial interventions.

Application of Design Thinking in the Development of the Beres.in Application: an Integrated Solution for Moving and Home Cleaning Services

Ainiyya Hana Pathi Seruni, Yulia Suryadi, Gindu Siswo — Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The increase in mobility of urban residents, especially in Bogor City, has created a new need for moving and home cleaning services that are efficient, transparent, and easily accessible digitally. Changes in the lifestyle of urban communities that demand convenience and practicality encourage the need for integrated solutions that address the challenges of time efficiency and trust in service providers. This research aims to develop the concept and design of the "Beres.in" application as an integrated home cleaning and moving service platform using a design thinking approach. The research is carried out through four stages, namely empathize, define, ideate, and prototype, in order to understand user needs in depth and test to explore user needs and formulate empathy-based solutions. The results of the study show that potential users are dominated by Generation Z women and millennials who have a high level of digital activity and prioritize time efficiency. The main problems found include price uncertainty, lack of trust in workers, and limited schedule flexibility. Based on these findings, an application prototype was developed with automatic price estimation features, verified worker profiles, a real-time booking system, and direct communication channels to increase user trust and comfort. This research has original value in integrating two different services into one digital ecosystem based on user-centered design, and proves that the application of design thinking is effective in producing service innovations that are adaptive to the needs of modern urban society.

Legal Protection for Journalists in Defamation Cases

Billy Valentino Pihawianu Sinulingga, Yurika Fahliany Dewi, Hilyatul Asfia — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyze legal protection for journalists in Indonesia by reviewing the normative conflict between the Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE) Law and the Press Law, using the Palangka Raya District Court Decision Number 108/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Plk as a case study. The study employs a normative juridical method with a library research approach, examining legislation, court decisions, and relevant literature. The findings indicate the presence of a normative conflict between the Press Law, which provides dispute resolution mechanisms through the right of reply and mediation by the Press Council, and the ITE Law, which prescribes imprisonment of up to four years for defamation. Data show that fourteen journalists were reported under the ITE Law during the 2019–2021 period due to inconsistent understanding among law enforcement officials, weak implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the National Police and the Press Council, and subjective interpretation of the element “without rights” under the ITE Law. The acquittal of journalist Yundhi Satrya Siman applied the legal principle of lex specialis derogat legi generali, prioritizing the Press Law as the applicable special regulation. The study formulates criteria for distinguishing protected journalistic activities, which include actions conducted by registered journalists, adherence to the journalistic code of ethics, orientation toward the public interest, and publication through an authorized press company.

Implementation of Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Augmented Reality to Improve Learning Outcomes of MAN 2 Tidore Kepulauan Class XI Students on Newton’s Second Law

Asmita Basir, Nurdin Abdul Rahman, Mardia Hi Rahman — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model based on Augmented Reality (AR) on improving the learning outcomes of grade XI MAN 2 Tikep students on Newton's Law II material. The background of this research is based on the students' low understanding of the concept of force and motion material, especially the application of Newton's Law II in daily life. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design. The research subjects consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class that received learning with the AR-based PBL model and the control class that used the PBL model with conventional media. Data was collected through learning outcome tests given before and after treatment (pretest and posttest). Data analysis was carried out using a t-test to find out the difference in learning outcomes between the two groups. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class and the control class. Students who participated in learning with the AR-based PBL model obtained higher scores on average compared to students in the control class. Thus, the application of the AR-based PBL model has proven to be effective in improving student learning outcomes in Newton's Law II material.

Implementation of Qual2Kw and MCDA in Formulating Sustainable River Water Quality Standard Compliance Program Policies: A Case Study of the Cileungsi River in Bogor Regency

Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to develop an integrative approach between water quality modeling using QUAL2Kw software and the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method with PROMETHEE software to support the formulation of policies for sustainable river water quality standards. The study was conducted on the Cileungsi River, West Java, with key parameters of BOD, COD, and TSS. Modeling was carried out in four tiered scenarios representing existing conditions and quality standards targets of classes IV, III, and II, thus providing a basis for designing technical interventions such as reducing point source and non-point source pollutant loads, increasing upstream discharge, and improving upstream water quality. Based on the results of iterations and model observations, six policy criteria (K1–K6) and twelve program alternatives (P1–P12) were obtained to achieve river water quality standards. PROMETHEE analysis was used to determine program priorities based on stakeholder preference weights. The results of the study show that the integration of QUAL2Kw–PROMETHEE is able to provide a more measurable scientific and policy basis, with the main priorities being the development and improvement of IPAL performance, control of non-point sources, and an increase in river base discharge. This approach has the potential to be applied as an evidence-based policy decision-making model in river water quality management in Indonesia.

Evaluation of Sa210 Grade A1 Steel Degradation Through Hardness and Microstructural Changes After High Temperature Exposure

Yayang Rusdiana, Rio Pudjidarma Santoso, Winarto Winarto — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

SA210 Grade A1 steel pipes are ferritic-pearlitic steels which are commonly used in subcritical boilers. This study investigates degradation characteristics material of SA210 Grade A1 boiler steel under high-temperature operating conditions. The research examines the relationship between microstructural grain size and material hardness under control spheroidization heat treatment (SHT) with time and temperature as parameters. The virgin specimens of SA210 Grade A1 were subjected to temperatures of 600 °C, 660 °C, and 720 °C for durations ranging from 1 h to 100 h, followed by microstructural observation using optical microscopy and Vickers microhardness testing in accordance with ASTM E112 and ASTM E384-17 standards. The findings reveal that higher temperatures and longer exposure times promote pearlite spheroidization and grain size growth, which result in progressive hardness value of the material SA210 Grade A1. The hardness decreased from 167.87 HV in the virgin condition to 121.80 HV at the highest SHT parameter (720 °C – 30 h), corresponding to a 27.4 % reduction. Statistical regression modelling analysis indicated a strong correlation between hardness degradation and material hardness values against thermal exposure at high temperatures. These findings confirm that temperature is the dominant factor initiating grain size coarsening, while exposure duration governs the extent of microstructural degradation. The established correlation provides a simple yet quantitative approach for remaining life assessment of ferritic-pearlitic boiler steels operating under high-temperature service conditions.

Public Policy Discourse Debate: Discourse Network Analysis The "One Person, One Social Media Account" Issue in Indonesian Online Media

Maria Theresia Efika Rosemarie — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The proliferation of fake and anonymous accounts on social media has prompted the Indonesian government to propose a controversial “One Person, One Social Media Account” policy. This study aims to map the actors, concepts, and discourse coalitions that emerge in the public debate surrounding this policy proposal. Utilizing Discourse Network Analysis (DNA), this research analyzes 81 online news articles published between July and September 2025. The analysis identifies key actors, their stated concepts, and the network structures formed through their agreement or disagreement on the issue. The results reveal a highly structured and dominant pro-policy coalition, primarily comprising members of the House of Representatives (DPR) and the Ministry of Communication and Digital (Komdigi). These actors exhibit the highest network centrality and articulate a cohesive narrative centered on concepts such as “account restrictions prevent anonymous/fake accounts” and “prevent hoaxes.” In contrast, the counter-policy discourse—featuring concepts such as “prioritize digital literacy” and primarily voiced by academics and activists—is notably weaker, fragmented, and peripheral within the network. The study concludes that the institutional power of pro-policy actors, combined with their compelling security-focused narrative, has produced a dominant discourse coalition. These findings provide both methodological and empirical contributions to understanding the dynamics of public policy discourse formation in Indonesia’s digital era

The Influence of Work Discipline, Motivation, Competence, and Work Environment on Work Productivity

Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Work productivity is one of the most important aspects of an organization. It refers to the results of employees’ work within a certain period, carried out effectively and efficiently by considering the resources used to perform their tasks. This study aims to empirically test and analyze the influence of work discipline, motivation, competence, and work environment on work productivity, both partially and simultaneously. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with a descriptive and verification approach. The data sources consist of primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques used include interviews, questionnaires, observations, and library research conducted both online and offline. The population in this study includes all 36 employees; therefore, the sampling technique applied is a census sample or total sampling. The analytical tool used is SPSS version 25. The validity and reliability of the data were assessed through validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and data analysis techniques such as multiple linear regression, correlation, and coefficient of determination analyses. Hypothesis testing was conducted using the t-test (partial) and F-test (simultaneous). The results of this study indicate that work discipline, motivation, competence, and work environment have a positive and significant effect on work productivity, both partially and simultaneously, with a contribution of 93.3%, while the remaining 6.7% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.

The Relationship Between Work Engagement and Work Motivation with Job Satisfaction Among Warehouse Employees at PT. Duro Bangun Indonesia in East Jakarta

Joko Andi Nugraha, Evah Holifah, Hanifa Muslima, Zainun Mu'tadin — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction, the relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction, and the combined relationship between work engagement and work motivation with job satisfaction among warehouse employees at PT. Duro Bangun Indonesia in East Jakarta. This research employs a quantitative method. The subjects are part-time warehouse employees at PT. Duro Bangun Indonesia in East Jakarta, with a total population of 35 employees. The research sample was selected using simple random sampling. The measuring instruments for this research include three scales: the Job Satisfaction Scale, the Work Engagement Scale, and the Work Motivation Scale. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction (, , ). Similarly, there is a significant positive relationship between work motivation and job satisfaction (, , ). Furthermore, work engagement and work motivation together significantly predict job satisfaction (, , ), accounting for or 33.7% of the variance. This indicates that approximately 66.3% of the variance is attributable to other unidentified factors.

Strategy for Reducing Postpartum Hemorrhage Incidence Through the Implementation of Digital-Based Admission Screening: An Action Study in Hospitals

Isnia Maulidah, Feny Silviani — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the leading cause of maternal mortality globally, including in Indonesia, where it accounts for 30.3% of maternal deaths. While PPH often occurs suddenly, its risk can be predicted at the time of hospital admission through systematic screening. However, the effectiveness of such screening depends on healthcare worker compliance, which can be hindered by administrative burdens. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a digital-based PPH admission screening tool in improving staff compliance and reducing PPH incidence at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. Using an action research methodology under the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) framework, the study was conducted in two cycles. Cycle 1 employed a manual (paper-based) screening form, while Cycle 2 introduced a fully digital format. The study population included all maternity patients admitted during the intervention periods, with total sampling applied. Data were collected through direct observation, medical record audits, and hospital quality reports, and analyzed descriptively by comparing compliance and PPH rates across cycles. The findings indicate that the transition to a digital format significantly increased staff compliance from 89% in Cycle 1 to 100% in Cycle 2. Importantly, this improvement in compliance was directly associated with a reduction in PPH incidence from 3% at baseline to 1% post-digital intervention. The study concludes that digital-based admission screening serves as a crucial cognitive aid for strengthening risk management and advancing toward the zero-preventable-harm patient safety target.

Strategy for Electronic Procurement of Good/Services Through Electronic Catalogues at the Ministry of Cooperatives

Rachmawati Yuslina, Neneng Sri Rahayu, Mala Sondang Silitonga — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Government procurement of goods and services is an important part of state financial management that requires transparency, efficiency, and accountability. This study was motivated by the suboptimal implementation of e-procurement through electronic catalogs (e-catalogs) at the Ministry of Cooperatives, as evidenced by the limited number of products on display, the unavailability of all necessary goods, prices that do not always reflect the lowest rates, and technical as well as administrative obstacles in the e-purchasing process. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors causing the suboptimal implementation of e-procurement and to formulate appropriate strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The research method employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques that include in-depth interviews, observation, and a literature review on the implementation of e-catalog. Data analysis was conducted using the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework and SWOT analysis. The results of the study show that technological factors (system complexity and IT infrastructure), organizational factors (human resource competencies), and environmental factors (regulations and inter-agency coordination) are the dominant elements influencing the implementation of e-catalogs. The recommendations of this study emphasize the need to strengthen the capacity of procurement human resources, develop a real-time, data-based electronic catalog system, and improve coordination between work units and providers to support the principles of good governance in government procurement of goods and services.

Perception of Ease and Herding Behavior: The Role of Knowledge in Investment Decisions on Gold Among the Youth in Serang City

Muti’ah Nurul Jannah, Suryani Suryani, Syaeful Bahri — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The surge in gold prices has given rise to the phenomenon of the gold rush among the younger generation. Technological advancements have increased the ease with which the younger generation can invest in gold, while the fear of missing out (FOMO) can foster herding behavior in gold investment decisions. This study aims to analyze the influence of perceived ease, herding behavior, and the level of investment knowledge on gold investment decisions. It also aims to examine investment knowledge as a moderating variable. The quantitative approach employed in this research uses Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with random sampling techniques. The findings indicate that investment knowledge has a positive and significant impact on investment decision-making. In addition, the perception of ease has been proven not only to enhance investment knowledge but also to directly drive investment decisions. Meanwhile, herding behavior does not show a significant influence on either investment knowledge or investment decisions. The study also reveals that investment knowledge does not function as a moderating variable in the relationship between herding behavior, perceived ease, and investment decisions.

The Impact of Credit Risk and Operational Efficiency on Profitability and Its Implications on the Capitalization of Bank Perekonomian Rakyat Wibawa Mukti Jabar During the 2019-2023 Period

Devi Puspitasari, Cecep Taufiqurrochman — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research is motivated by the importance of the financial performance of the People's Economic Bank (BPR) in maintaining the stability of the national financial services sector in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority. BPR has a strategic role in encouraging local economic growth, especially through the disbursement of credit to MSMEs and the community. However, BPR's financial performance nationally shows a downward trend in 2023, reflected in declining profitability (ROA), a worsening operational efficiency ratio (BOPO), and increasing credit risk (NPL). The analysis method used is financial ratio analysis with reference to BPR Wibawa Mukti Jabar's annual financial statements, supported by theories and previous research results. The research method used was quantitative analysis with a multiple regression approach. The results show that credit risk, operational efficiency, and capital have a significant influence both partially and simultaneously on profitability. These findings provide important implications for bank management to increase profitability through controlling non-performing loans, improving operational cost efficiency, and strengthening capital in accordance with regulatory standards.

Daun Cincau Hijau (Premna Oblongifolia) Has the Potential to Improve Spermatozoa Quality in Hyperglycemic White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

Etty Widayanti, Aan Royhan, Annisa Nur Azzahra Kananta, Annisa Azzahra — Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetes mellitus is a health problem that has a wide impact on various organs, including the male reproductive system. Chronic hyperglycemia can increase oxidative stress and deteriorate the morphological quality of spermatozoa. The leaves of the green grasshopper (Premna oblongifolia) contain flavonoids and antioxidants that have the potential to suppress oxidative stress and repair histological damage caused by hyperglycemia. This study aims to assess the effect of green grasshopper leaf extract on blood glucose levels and spermatozoa quality by evaluating the Johnsen score and spermatozoa morphology in hyperglycemic mice. The study used an experimental design with a post-test-only control group approach. A total of twenty-four male mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, negative control, and two treatment groups that received green grasshopper leaf extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg of body weight. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin, while the green grasshopper leaf extract was obtained by the maceration method and administered orally for fourteen days. The results showed that a dose of 400 mg per kg of body weight significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to the negative control. In addition, the high-dose treatment group showed a near-normal Johnsen score and a decrease in the number of abnormal spermatozoa. These findings indicate that green grasshopper leaf extract has potential as a phytotherapeutic agent that not only lowers blood glucose levels but also improves the reproductive quality of males impaired by diabetes mellitus.

The Role of Influencer Marketing on Tiktok in Shaping Online Shopping Trends: Contribution to Accelerating the Development of Indonesia's Digital Economy

Dwi Winahyo Sutrisna — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The need for innovative and adaptive approaches has become increasingly urgent in the wake of turbulence in the post-global economy following the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical instability caused by regional conflicts, monetary policies contributing to the weakening of the United States dollar, and mounting pressures related to environmental and sustainability issues. This study explores the role of influencer marketing on the TikTok platform in shaping online shopping trends as part of efforts to accelerate Indonesia’s digital economy. Amid global economic uncertainty, geopolitical instability, and the weakening of the U.S. dollar, Indonesia requires innovative strategies to strengthen its domestic economy. TikTok, as a social media platform with extensive reach in Indonesia, has become a catalyst for transforming consumer behavior and accelerating e-commerce growth. This research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis and case studies involving 50 Indonesian TikTok influencers. The findings indicate that influencer marketing on TikTok has significantly boosted e-commerce transactions, with a 67% increase recorded during the 2023–2024 period. Furthermore, this phenomenon fosters an inclusive digital economy ecosystem and empowers local MSMEs to compete effectively in the global market.

The Efficacy of Oral Antioxidant on Glycemic Index and Lipid Profile in Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance or insufficient insulin for glucose metabolism, with its pathogenesis linked to free radical exposure. High free radical concentrations and low antioxidant levels increase the risk of complications in diabetes mellitus. Despite this, antioxidant supplementation in diabetic patients remains uncommon. This systematic review explores the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation on therapeutic outcomes in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: A literature search was conducted from January to February 2024 across three databases: PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria focused on adult patients aged >18 years diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), studies on antioxidant supplementation (excluding non-supplement forms), and studies covering glycemic indices (FPG, PPG, 2hPG, HbA1c) and lipid profiles (LDL, HDL, cholesterol, TG) published from 2014 to 2024 in English or Indonesian. Pediatrics and in vitro/in vivo studies were excluded. Results: The bias risk was assessed using the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Six journals met the inclusion criteria. The review found that supplementation with turmeric, ellagic acid, Nigella sativa, zinc, vitamins C, and E significantly affected glucose and lipid levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients. However, selenium supplementation showed inconsistent results regarding blood glucose levels and lipid profiles, indicating the need for further investigation. Conclusion: Supplementation with turmeric, ellagic acid, Nigella sativa, zinc, vitamins C, and E is effective in controlling blood glucose levels and improving lipid profiles in type II diabetes mellitus patients.

The Influence of Instagram Influencers’ Communication Style on Consumer Trust and Emotional Engagement in Live Streaming Shopping

Mohammad Rifky Maulana, Amalia E. Maulana — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid development of social media has given rise to new marketing strategies, one of which is live streaming shopping through platforms such as TikTok Shop. Digital influencers, especially Instagram influencers, play a key role in shaping consumer perceptions and purchasing decisions, particularly for high-involvement products such as perfume. This study aims to analyze the influence of Instagram influencer communication styles (informative, entertaining, interactive) on consumer trust and emotional engagement, and to assess the mediating role of trust and emotional engagement on sharing intention. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 342 TikTok users who have watched perfume live streaming sessions. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results show that entertaining and informative communication styles have a significant influence on trust and emotional engagement, while the interactive style has a significant influence on emotional engagement. Trust and emotional engagement are proven to mediate the relationship between communication styles and consumer behavioral intentions. This research strengthens the relevance of the SOR (Stimulus–Organism–Response) Model in the context of social commerce and provides practical contributions for brands and influencers in choosing the right communication approach based on audience segments and product characteristics.

Analysis of Climate-Related Disclosures in Telkom's 2024 Sustainability Report According to Ifrs S2 Requirements

Fransiskus Nicolas, Chaerul Djakman — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The implementation of the global IFRS S2 standard regarding climate-related disclosures presents new challenges for corporate reporting transparency in developing economies. This study aims to evaluate the readiness of climate-related disclosures of PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk in its 2024 Sustainability Report based on IFRS S2 requirements. This research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis of public corporate documents, utilizing the IFRS S2 disclosure checklist instrument, which covers four main pillars: governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets. The findings indicate that PT Telkom Indonesia demonstrates a partial level of readiness in adopting the standard. Mature readiness is identified in the governance and risk management pillars, where climate change issues have been effectively integrated into board oversight structures and enterprise risk management frameworks. However, material gaps are found in the strategy and metrics pillars, particularly regarding the absence of quantified financial effects of climate risks on the company’s financial position, the lack of quantitative climate scenario analysis, and the incomplete Scope 3 GHG emissions inventory. The study concludes that while institutional foundations are established, the company needs to prioritize the development of financial impact models and the expansion of supply chain data to achieve full compliance in the future.

Self-Harming Behavior Among Students in the Medical Program at Yarsi University and Its Review From an Islamic Perspective

Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Self-harm is a self-injurious behavior that commonly occurs among young adults, including medical students who are highly susceptible to academic and psychological stress. This study aims to describe the tendency of self-harm among medical students at YARSI University and review it from an Islamic perspective. A quantitative descriptive design was applied using the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) as the research instrument. The study involved 141 participants selected through total sampling, and the data were analyzed descriptively. The findings revealed that all respondents (100%) exhibited a tendency toward self-harm, with an average score of 30.11 (range 22–71). Most respondents were categorized as low (49.6%), followed by moderate (34.8%) and high (15.6%). The majority experienced low levels of psychological and academic impact. Predominantly, respondents were female, 20 years old, and from the 2022 cohort. From an Islamic perspective, self-harm is strictly prohibited as it represents self-destruction, aligning with the prohibition stated in Surah An-Nisa :29. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions that combine psychological support, academic guidance, and spiritual reinforcement to prevent self-harm among medical students.

Extractive Summarization in Low-Resource Languages: A Systematic Review

Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

NLP advancements have accelerated Automatic Text Summarization research, but development remains skewed toward high-resource languages. Low-resource languages are underrepresented due to limited digital corpora, scarce linguistic tools, and a lack of locally suitable pre-trained models. This research aims to map, identify, and analyze research trends related to extractive summarization in low-resource languages and to formulate future research directions. This study employs a systematic literature review following the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Articles were collected from the ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar databases, covering the 2020–2025 period. A total of nine publications meeting the inclusion criteria were thoroughly analyzed based on six research questions (RQ) formulated using the PICOC framework. Most studies rely on unsupervised approaches such as TextRank, LexRank, and LSA, with key features including word frequency, sentence position, and semantic proximity. News corpora dominate the domain, while system performance evaluation remains limited to traditional metrics such as ROUGE and F1-Score. Identified challenges include limited annotated datasets, the absence of local NLP models, and a lack of meaning-based evaluation approaches. This study confirms that linguistic inequality persists in text summarization, with most research relying on unsupervised methods and lexical evaluation. To address this, three strategic directions are recommended: developing open, diverse language corpora; adopting adaptable lightweight NLP models; and advancing semantic evaluation approaches. Cross-community and interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for building more inclusive and sustainable automatic text summarization systems.

From Da‘Wah to Economic Empowerment: The Dialectics of Mosque-Based Digital Media Utilization in Strengthening the Community Economy

Alfiera Meutia — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 brought significant transformations to society’s social, religious, and economic practices, including those within mosque and taklim assembly environments. Restrictions on physical activities during the pandemic triggered a shift in interaction spaces toward the digital realm, particularly through the use of WhatsApp Groups as a primary communication medium. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of WhatsApp Group usage by the Raudhatul Jannah Mosque Taklim Group (MTII) in Taman Nirwana Housing, Bekasi, which developed into a community-based economic transaction space known as Kios Ukhti Taman Nirwana. The research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The analytical framework is based on Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s dialectical theory to understand the negotiation process between the sacred values of the da’wah space and the economic needs of the congregation. The findings reveal that mosque-based digital economic practices undergo a dialectical process consisting of thesis (the use of da’wah groups as buying and selling spaces), antithesis (rejection of the perceived shift in sacred functions), and synthesis (the formation of a separate, organized economic space). These results demonstrate that mosques hold strategic potential as centers for community economic empowerment in the digital era, provided they are managed through inclusive, participatory, and religious value–based governance. This study contributes to the scholarly development of da’wah communication, community economics, and the transformation of religious institutions in contemporary society.

Influence of Marketing Mix and Attitude on Seawed Snack Purchase Decision Among Child Consumer

Susilo Hadi — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the influence of the marketing mix—product, price, place, and promotion—and consumer attitudes on the purchasing decisions of seaweed snacks among child consumers in Indonesia. It responds to the limited research on children’s purchasing behavior, particularly within the healthy snack segment, by examining how marketing elements shape attitudes and drive buying actions. Using a quantitative survey method, data were collected from 212 respondents aged 8–15 years in Jakarta and surrounding areas and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings indicate that most consumers are elementary school children aged 8–12 years who moderately consume seaweed snacks, with average spending per purchase ranging from IDR 13,000–14,000. The marketing mix significantly influences children’s positive attitudes; however, only price and attitude directly affect purchasing decisions. Product, price, and promotion indirectly affect purchase behavior through attitude as a mediating variable, while place shows no significant mediating effect. The study underscores that effective marketing strategies for children should prioritize trustworthy product quality, credible health claims, appropriate pricing, and engaging promotional approaches. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of child consumer behavior in Indonesia’s growing healthy snack market.

Digital Transformation of Culinary Msmes in South Tangerang: The Impact of Social Media and Technology Adoption on Business Performance and Regional Income

Iin Andrayanti, Ambarwati, Lisa Arisa Fiatri — Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Digital transformation has become a key driver in the post-COVID-19 era for improving the competitiveness and performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), including the rapidly growing culinary sector in urban areas such as South Tangerang City. The development of digital technology—particularly social media and e-commerce—offers significant opportunities for culinary MSMEs to reach a wider market, enhance operational efficiency, and contribute to regional income growth. This study aims to analyze the influence of social media and technology implementation on the performance of culinary MSMEs and their contribution to the Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) of South Tangerang City. The research employed a mixed-methods sequential explanatory approach, combining a quantitative survey of 150 culinary MSMEs with in-depth interviews involving business owners and local government officials. The analysis results show that the use of social media significantly enhances marketing and consumer interaction, while the adoption of digital technologies—such as the Qasir application, e-commerce platforms, and digital payment systems—has a dominant influence on improving operational efficiency, productivity, and business turnover. These findings confirm that the success of digital transformation among culinary MSMEs in South Tangerang is influenced not only by internal factors but also by digital literacy, infrastructure, and government policy support. This study proposes a conceptual model of the digital transformation of culinary MSMEs that contributes to business growth and strengthens the regional fiscal base through increasing Regional Original Income.

Multimodal Visual Social Semiotic Analysis of Political Campaigns Media: A Case Study of the Amin Banner in the 2024 Indonesian Presidential Election

Annisaa Syifa Nuramalina, Eva Leiliyanti, Miftahulkhairah Anwar — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In the 2024 Indonesian presidential election, campaign props such as banners and billboards function not only as promotional media but also as sites of ideological representation and symbolic political communication. This study aims to examine how visual elements in campaign banners construct the political identity of the Anies Baswedan–Muhaimin Iskandar (AMIN) candidate pair through the lens of visual social semiotics. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research applies Kress and van Leeuwen’s multimodal discourse framework to analyze the representational, interpersonal, and compositional metafunctions embedded in selected AMIN campaign banners. Data were collected through field observation and visual documentation and then purposively selected based on analytical relevance. The findings reveal that the AMIN campaign strategically organizes visual structures—such as gaze, gesture, color, spatial composition, and symbolic attributes—to project an image of inclusivity, credibility, and ideological commitment to social change. By integrating social semiotic theory with empirical analysis of Indonesian political campaign media, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how multimodal visual resources function as persuasive and meaning-making tools in contemporary electoral politics.

The Effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) and Operational Costs to Operating Income (BOPO) on Core Capital with Return on Assets (ROA) as a Mediating Variable in Rural Banks (BPR) in the East Bekasi Region for the Period of 2019-2024

Cecep Taofiqurrochman, Puji Rahayu, Ligardi Purnama Hasyim — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) and Operational Costs to Operating Income (BOPO) on core capital, with Return on Assets (ROA) as a mediating variable in Rural Banks (Bank Perkreditan Rakyat/BPR) in the East Bekasi region for the period 2019–2024. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of 21 rural banks, which are structured as panel data and analyzed using the pooled data method. The analytical method applied is path analysis using a multiple linear regression approach with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The analysis is conducted through two structural models: the first model examines the effect of NPL and BOPO on ROA, while the second model examines the effect of NPL, BOPO, and ROA on core capital. The results indicate that NPL and BOPO have a negative and significant effect on core capital. NPL does not have a significant effect on ROA, whereas BOPO has a negative and significant effect on ROA. Furthermore, ROA is proven to have a positive and significant effect on core capital. The mediation test results show that ROA acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between NPL and BOPO and core capital, indicating that the impact of credit risk and operational efficiency on rural banks' capital does not occur solely through direct effects but is also transmitted through profitability performance.

Neglected Pathological Fracture on the Proximal Femur Due to Simple Bone CYST: Successful Reconstruction Using Bone Graft and Osteosynthesis

Onarisa Ayu, Javier Arrazi — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Simple Bone Cyst is a benign osteolytic lesion commonly found in children and adolescents, predominantly affecting the metaphyseal region of long bones such as the proximal humerus and femur. Although SBC is generally asymptomatic, it poses a significant clinical concern for its association with pathological fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones. Pathological fractures of the proximal femur caused by SBC are relatively rare but may lead to functional impairment, delayed healing, and long-term disability if not managed appropriately. The absence of standardized treatment guidelines for neglected pathological fractures associated with SBC further complicates clinical decision-making. This study reports a case of an 11-year-old female patient presenting with a neglected pathological fracture of the proximal femur secondary to a simple bone cyst. Clinical evaluation and radiographic examination revealed a lytic lesion with cortical thinning accompanied by a fracture in the proximal femoral region. Surgical management was performed through biopsy and curettage of the cystic lesion, followed by open reduction and internal fixation using a locking plate and screws, combined with autologous bone graft harvested from the iliac crest. Postoperative follow-up at five months demonstrated satisfactory radiological and functional outcomes, including callus formation, stable fixation, and restoration of full range of motion without pain. This case highlights that surgical curettage combined with bone grafting and osteosynthesis is an effective treatment strategy for managing neglected pathological fractures of the proximal femur due to SBC. Early surgical intervention plays a crucial role in preventing recurrence, ensuring structural stability, and restoring functional outcomes in pediatric patients.

Genius Loci European Area of Old City of Surabaya: Challenges and Opportunities for Development (Literature Study)

Afini Nur Fajriyah, Suzanna Ratih Sari — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Old City of Surabaya is one of the historical areas established during the Dutch colonial period. Old Town Surabaya, with its unique architecture, spatial planning, and atmosphere, exudes a distinctive genius loci. The purpose of this paper is to provide analytical results related to the challenges and opportunities for development associated with the genius loci of the European area of Old Town Surabaya. This study adopts a qualitative research approach. The findings indicate that the Old Town Surabaya area features various forms of Dutch colonial architecture that embody rich historical and cultural values. Challenges in preserving the genius loci include development pressure and changes in function, degradation of authentic buildings, and minimal community participation. Meanwhile, opportunities for developing the area based on the genius loci include sustainable heritage tourism, adaptive reuse while maintaining character, a bottom-up approach to conservation, and multistakeholder collaboration.

Reconstruction of Criminal Policy in Combating Crimes of Disinformation and Hate Speech in the Digital Space

Endah Safitri — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of digital technology has brought an ambivalent impact on Indonesia’s criminal justice system. On one hand, advancements in information technology have expanded the space for public expression and the democratization of information; on the other hand, various forms of misuse have emerged, such as the dissemination of disinformation (hoaxes) and hate speech, which threaten public order and social cohesion. This study aims to examine the urgency of reconstructing criminal policy in combating disinformation and hate speech crimes in the digital space and to formulate policy strategies that can balance the protection of public order with the guarantee of freedom of expression. This article examines the urgency of reconstructing criminal policy in addressing such crimes through a normative–critical approach. The analysis reveals that current criminal policies—particularly under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the 2023 National Criminal Code (KUHP)—remain predominantly repressive and fail to prioritize proportionality, communicative justice, and human-rights protection. A reconstruction of criminal policy is therefore required to balance the need to maintain public order with the guarantee of freedom of expression in digital spaces. This reconstruction should be oriented toward restorative justice, legal transparency, and digital literacy as integral components of a socially just approach to combating cybercrime.

The Effect of Audiolyfe Stimulation on the Optimization of Children's Potential and Talents: A Case Study in Banda Aceh

Fathiyah Ma’ani — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Recognizing and developing children’s potential and talents from an early age plays an important role in shaping their future. However, many children face challenges such as difficulty discovering their interests or lacking enthusiasm to explore their own potential. Proper stimulation, including audio-based technologies such as Audiolyfe, can help address these issues. This study aims to analyze the influence of Audiolyfe stimulation on the development of children’s potential and talents in Banda Aceh. Using quantitative methods and a quasi-experimental approach, this research involved 25 children aged 0–12 years who were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through observation and questionnaires, then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results show that Audiolyfe stimulation has a significant influence on the development of children’s potential and talents. A noticeable difference was observed between the pretest and posttest results, in which children who received regular stimulation demonstrated increased creativity, cognitive abilities, and enthusiasm for learning. These findings indicate that Audiolyfe can be an effective tool to support the optimization of children’s abilities from an early age. Through a structured approach, this technology contributes meaningfully to preparing a younger generation that is more confident and better equipped with the skills needed to face future challenges.

The Influence of Organizational Culture, Work Environment, and Leadership Style on Work Motivation and its Impact on Job Satisfaction of Generation Z Civil Apparatus (ASN) in the Bandung Regency Government

Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The research background is based on the conditions of Generation Z entering the workforce and their distinct work expectations. This study aims to analyze the influence of Organizational Culture, Work Environment, and Leadership Style on Work Motivation and their impact on the Job Satisfaction of Generation Z Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) in the Bandung Regency Government. The research method employs a descriptive and verification approach, utilizing questionnaires for data collection and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for analysis. The findings indicate that Organizational Culture, Work Environment, and Leadership Style have a positive and significant effect on Work Motivation. Directly, Organizational Culture and Leadership Style significantly influence Job Satisfaction, whereas Work Environment does not have a significant effect. Work Motivation is shown to have the most dominant influence on Job Satisfaction and acts as a mediator in the relationship between Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction, but does not mediate the influence of Work Environment and Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction. Overall, the study highlights the importance of strengthening organizational culture, promoting adaptive leadership, and enhancing motivational aspects to support the job satisfaction of Generation Z civil servants in facing bureaucratic transformation.

Self-Harm Behavior Among Medical Profession Students at YARSI University and its Review from an Islamic Perspective

Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Self harm behavior is a deliberate act of injuring oneself without suicidal intent, often emerging as a response to emotional distress. Medical clerkship students are vulnerable to such behavior due to academic pressure, clinical responsibilities, and psychological stress, which can affect both mental health and academic performance. This research aims to describe the level of self harm tendency, its psychological and academic impacts, and to examine this behavior from an Islamic perspective among medical clerkship students at YARSI University. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach involving 96 medical clerkship students. Data were collected using the 22-item Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) questionnaire and analyzed descriptively using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. The mean SHI score was 28.99, with most respondents categorized as having a low self-harm tendency (85.4%), followed by moderate (13.5%) and high (1%) tendencies. The majority also exhibited low levels of psychological and academic impact, although a small proportion experienced emotional instability and decreased learning motivation. Overall, most students demonstrated a low tendency toward self-harm, yet those with moderate to high scores require particular attention. In Islam, self harm is prohibited as it contradicts the principle of ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life). It is recommended that universities provide accessible counseling services, mental health support, and spiritual guidance programs as preventive and promotive measures to help students manage academic and emotional stress more adaptively.

The Role of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Dermatology

Rika Desviorita, Gardenia Akhyar — Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Janus kinase (JAK) is an intracellular protein of non-receptor tyrosine kinase that functions in cellular regulation and cytokine signaling, thereby producing inflammation. Inhibition of JAK with small molecules that modulate cytokines by blocking the release of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) for JAK phosphorylation can prevent inflammation. These molecules are known as Janus Kinase Inhibitors (JAKi). Several related studies have demonstrated that JAKi can be used in the treatment of autoimmune and neoplastic conditions both topically and systemically. Currently, JAKi has been utilized in dermatology and has obtained approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), primarily for treating Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Alopecia Areata (AA), psoriasis, and vitiligo. This review examines the molecular mechanisms of JAK/STAT pathway dysregulation in inflammatory skin diseases, evaluates the efficacy and safety profiles of both topical and systemic JAKi formulations across multiple dermatological conditions, and compares their therapeutic effectiveness against conventional immunosuppressants and biologic agents. The findings indicate that JAKi demonstrates superior rapid onset of action, multi-target cytokine suppression, and favorable safety profiles in short-to-medium term use, positioning them as innovative therapeutic alternatives for patients with treatment-refractory inflammatory skin diseases.

Silat Training as a Medium for Child Character Formation

Annisa Nur Awaliyah, Susilawati Susilawati, Tomi Efendi — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the process of character formation through silat activities based on the experience of an elementary school student named Raihan. Character education is the main goal of national education; however, its implementation in practice often emphasizes academic achievement rather than the internalization of values through real experiences. This study uses a qualitative approach with a single case study design to analyze how discipline, responsibility, and social maturity develop through long-term engagement in structured silat practice. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with coaches and parents, participatory observation during training and competitions, and documentation in the form of training schedules and activity notes. The results show that discipline is developed through consistent attendance, time management, and adherence to training structures. Responsibility grows through the habituation of equipment preparation, participation in maintaining training facilities, and the execution of mentoring duties. Social maturity emerges through Raihan’s role as an assistant coach, which requires behavior management, emotional control, and leadership in social interactions. Family support and the silat community environment strengthen the continuity of the character formation process by fostering emotional stability and consistent habituation of positive attitudes. This research confirms that character formation occurs through a continuous and integrated experiential process within a supportive social ecosystem. Silat activities thus have strong potential as a medium for character education rooted in cultural practices among elementary school–age children.

A Study on The Influence of Country of Origin and Perceived Quality on The Purchase Intention For Pre-Owned Electric Vehicles of Chinese Brands in Jabodetabek

Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the factors influencing the purchase intention of used electric vehicles (EVs) from Chinese brands in the Greater Jakarta area. The research focuses on the roles of Country of Origin (COO) and perceived quality in shaping consumer behavior. As the global transition toward sustainable transportation accelerates, electric vehicles have gained prominence; however, the used EV market—particularly for Chinese brands—remains underdeveloped in Indonesia. A quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze data collected from 150 respondents in the Greater Jakarta area. The findings indicate that COO significantly influences consumers’ perceptions of product quality and, consequently, their purchase intentions. Perceived quality serves as a critical mediating variable between COO and purchase intention. The study further reveals that perceived risk negatively affects purchase decisions, reflecting consumer concerns regarding product reliability and after-sales service. These findings enhance the understanding of consumer behavior in Indonesia’s emerging used EV market and offer practical implications for automotive businesses and policymakers. Specifically, the results suggest the need for strategies that strengthen brand credibility, improve perceived quality, and build consumer trust to encourage the adoption of electric vehicles, particularly within the secondary market.

Financial Literacy and Lifestyle in Shaping the Financial Behavior of Gen Z in Rangkasbitung, Lebak Regency

Furniawan Furniawan, D. Muhamad Yamin — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

A low understanding of long-term financial management and planning can lead to unwise financial decisions. The financial literacy of Gen Z in Rangkasbitung, lacking optimal access to formal financial education or accurate digital information, may face difficulties in managing finances wisely. This study aims to determine the effects of financial literacy and lifestyle on the financial behavior of Generation Z in Rangkasbitung, Lebak Regency. The research method used is quantitative, employing a survey approach through a questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, correlation, partial test (t-test), and simultaneous test (F-test). The results of the study indicate that, partially, financial literacy has a significant effect on the financial behavior of Gen Z, and lifestyle also has a significant effect on financial behavior. Simultaneously, financial literacy and lifestyle have a significant effect on the financial behavior of Generation Z in Rangkasbitung. These findings emphasize the importance of improving understanding of financial literacy and lifestyle management to foster healthy financial behavior among the younger generation.

Designing a Knowledge-Based Performance Management System for PT WLL

Steven Nathanael Setiawan, Dermawan Wibisono — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PT WLL was an Indonesian food manufacturing company that had produced soy sauce and condiments for several decades. Despite its long operational history, the company experienced performance challenges, including declining sales, inefficient processes, and limited employee capability. These issues largely emerged from the absence of an integrated performance management system that connected financial and non-financial indicators. The objective of this study was to design a Knowledge-Based Performance Management System (KBPMS) that aligned with PT WLL’s strategic and operational needs. A mixed-methods approach was applied. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with managers and the director, while secondary data were obtained from company records, production reports, and financial documents. Porter’s Five Forces, VRIO, and the Current Reality Tree (CRT) were used to diagnose systemic performance gaps. The KBPMS framework guided the development of a performance structure consisting of three perspectives: business results, internal processes, and resource capabilities. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to prioritize key performance indicators (KPIs) through expert pairwise comparisons. The findings revealed that the company faced three primary challenges: weak interdepartmental coordination, outdated operational processes, and a lack of integrated performance metrics. The proposed KBPMS offered structured performance measurement, clearer strategic alignment, and knowledge-sharing mechanisms. Implementing the system was expected to improve PT WLL’s financial stability, process reliability, and employee competency. The study made theoretical and practical contributions by demonstrating how KBPMS could be adapted for medium-sized food manufacturing firms to strengthen their competitiveness and long-term sustainability.

The Influence of Credit Approval Policy Through the 5C Principle (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condition of Economy) on Credit Asset Quality and Its Implications on NPL (Non-Performing Loan) Level PT. BPR YSL Bandung

Teti Ofianti, Tatang S Herisman, Cecep Taofiqurrochman — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of credit approval policies based on the 5C principles on credit asset quality and their implications for the level of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) at PT. BPR YSL Bandung. The phenomenon of fluctuating NPL levels that exceed the maximum threshold set by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) highlights the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of credit approval policies. This research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to internal bank employees involved in the credit approval and monitoring process, while secondary data were obtained from NPL reports covering the period from June 2024 to May 2025. Path analysis was employed to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that credit approval policies implemented through the 5C principles have a positive and significant effect on credit asset quality. Furthermore, credit asset quality has a significant influence in reducing the level of NPL. The findings also reveal that credit approval policies have a direct and significant effect on NPL. In addition, credit asset quality acts as a mediating variable that strengthens the relationship between credit approval policies based on the 5C principles and NPL levels. These results emphasize that consistent and comprehensive implementation of the 5C principles is essential to maintain credit asset quality and improve the financial health and stability of rural banks. This study is expected to provide valuable insights for bank management in enhancing credit risk management strategies.

Personal Data Protection Strategies in the Digital Business Era: A Normative and Empirical Juridical Analysis of the Personal Data Protection Law

Augustinus Lumban Tobing, Nanda Dwi Rizkia — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of digital businesses in Indonesia is driving an increase in personal data-based transactions that require a strong and integrated protection system. This study aims to identify personal data protection strategies through literature analysis that includes aspects of regulation, organizational governance, technology, and digital literacy. Using a literature review approach to 20 articles from the Scopus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and SINTA databases, this study analyzes four main stages: identification, selection, thematic analysis, and theoretical synthesis. The results of the analysis show five main themes in personal data protection, namely regulation and legal compliance, the implementation of Privacy by Design and Security by Design, organizational governance and risk management, digital literacy and human factors, as well as implementation challenges and best practices. The effectiveness of data protection is highly dependent on regulatory compliance, the implementation of Privacy by Design, public privacy awareness, and adaptive organizational governance. Regulations such as GDPR, CCPA, and the Indonesian PDP Law provide a comprehensive legal framework, but their effectiveness is determined by the ability of institutions and businesses to translate legal norms into sustainable operational practices. This study recommends strengthening synergy between public policies, industry, and society in building a sustainable data protection culture.

Organizational and Strategy Impact Evaluation of CRM Implementation at Statistics Indonesia

Geri Yesa Ermawan, Achmad Nizar Hidayanto, Hari Prasetyo Tri Wicaksono — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing adoption of digital systems in public sector organizations has positioned Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as a strategic instrument for improving service quality and organizational performance. This study aims to evaluate the organizational and strategic impacts of CRM implementation at Statistics Indonesia through the SILASTIK system. An applied research design with a case study approach was employed to examine CRM implementation within its institutional context. The evaluation was conducted using a multi-perspective performance evaluation framework focusing on organizational capital, human capital, customer retention, customer expansion, and customer perceived value. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to internal CRM users, open-ended survey responses, and a semi-structured interview with a key system stakeholder. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, while qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis and KPI categorization. The findings indicate that CRM implementation has contributed positively to organizational alignment, service coordination, and internal efficiency, particularly in terms of management commitment, knowledge sharing, and productivity. However, limitations were identified in behavior-oriented adoption, structured training mechanisms, system integration, and the systematic measurement of customer-oriented performance dimensions. Overall, the study demonstrates that CRM implementation at Statistics Indonesia has progressed beyond a technical system and now functions as an organizational enabler, although its strategic potential has not yet been fully realized. These findings provide empirical insights into CRM evaluation in public sector statistical institutions and offer a foundation for strengthening CRM governance and performance management.

Assessing the Impact of Unresolved Waste Management on Human Capital Development in Indonesia: An Empirical Analysis

Alice Erni Husein — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Indonesia is confronting a severe waste management crisis that increasingly threatens not only environmental sustainability but also human capital development. Rapid population growth and inadequate waste infrastructure have resulted in widespread open dumping and burning, while government spending and strategic planning remain limited. This study seeks to shed light on the future implications for Indonesian human capital based on data gathered from recent empirical studies. Using a Systematic Literature Review combined with bibliometric analysis through the Biblioshiny tool in R, the study compares the impacts in urban and rural settings. It examines how ineffective waste management degrades environmental quality, harms public health, and undermines the nation’s human capital, with broader implications for economic development. The findings highlight the urgent need to integrate waste management into national development strategies, emphasizing that improving collection systems, recycling initiatives, and sanitary disposal practices can enhance public health, promote green employment opportunities, and strengthen the human capital essential for sustainable economic development.

Exploring Riot Policing Strategies: The Practice of Indonesian National Police in Handling Riot

Mohammad Rizky Zulfikar, Desideria Cempaka Wijaya Murti — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Indonesian National Police (INP) has the primary tasks of maintaining public safety, enforcing the law, and serving the community. However, numerous incidents have damaged the INP’s public trust and legitimacy, one of which is the excessive use of force in riot policing. This study aims to examine the INP’s riot policing strategies, with specific objectives to explore the current strategies employed by the INP, assess key areas for improvement, and provide recommendations based on the identified strategic priorities. This research employs a qualitative method through in-depth interviews. The analysis concludes that the INP’s riot policing strategy requires evaluation due to its reliance on reactive policing. The key strategies proposed to enhance the INP’s effectiveness in riot policing include the use of accurate intelligence data, improved human resource management, strengthened accountability mechanisms, and the integration of technology in both tactics and operational management. Furthermore, establishing effective rapport and communication between different layers of protesters is also essential for improving outcomes in riot management.

Investigation of the Alleged Corruption Case in the Rp 9.9 Trillion Education Laptop Procurement Budget: An Analysis of the Rp 10 Million Per-Unit Laptop Acquisition During Nadiem Makarim’s Tenure

Fitriyani Farida — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The case of alleged corruption in the procurement of Chromebook-based laptop devices within the Education Digitalization Program at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemendikbudristek) for the 2019–2022 period, with a total budget of IDR 9.9 trillion, has attracted public attention. This research aims to evaluate the mechanism of laptop procurement, detect indications of irregularities, analyze the factors contributing to corruption, and discuss its impact on budget efficiency, accessibility, and the quality of education. This study adopts a qualitative approach using a case study methodology. Data are collected from procurement documents, media reports, and relevant legislation. Data analysis is conducted through content analysis to identify indications of irregularities, such as price mark-ups, collusion, fictitious procurement, and deviations from specifications. The findings indicate that the procurement mechanism is allegedly inconsistent with the principles of good procurement, alongside alleged “malicious collusion” leading to the use of the Chromebook operating system. The investigation process by the Attorney General’s Office (Kejagung) is still ongoing, with witness examinations and seizures already carried out. This research is expected to contribute to the eradication of corruption in the education sector and produce policy recommendations that support better governance and accountability.

The Effect of Capital Strengthening, Corporate Governance Implementation, and Risk Management on Financial Performance and its Implications for Business Sustainability at PT BPR Rama Ganda Bogor

Linda Sri Rezeki, Cecep Taofiqurrochman, Tatang S Herisman — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the influence of capital strengthening, corporate governance implementation, and risk management on financial performance and its implications for the business sustainability of PT BPR Rama Ganda Bogor during 2017–2024. The study is motivated by the critical need to integrate these three elements to maintain the stability and competitiveness of rural banks (BPR) amid global economic challenges, the pandemic, and increasing regulatory pressures. Financial performance is measured using CAR (Capital Adequacy Ratio), LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), NPL (Non-Performing Loan), and ROA (Return on Assets), while business sustainability is evaluated based on the bank’s ability to develop products, maintain customer trust, and comply with sustainable finance principles. Descriptive analysis indicates an average CAR of 21.36%, LDR of 90.01%, NPL of 11.30%, and ROA of 3.25%, reflecting adequate capital stability and sufficient liquidity but room for improvement in asset quality. Findings reveal that capital strengthening, corporate governance, and risk management collectively have a significant impact on financial performance. Furthermore, strong financial performance positively influences business sustainability, including regulatory compliance, expansion of sustainable credit portfolios, and maintenance of stakeholder confidence. The study emphasizes that the synergy between capital, governance, and risk management must be internalized integrally into organizational culture and strategy, enabling BPR to manage risks effectively, maintain profitability, and ensure long-term business continuity. The results provide strategic recommendations for BPR and similar microfinance institutions to optimize capital, governance, and risk management as foundations for growth and sustainable operations in an uncertain economic environment.

Legal Certainty in Recovering State Financial Losses in Corruption Crimes

Deby Rimenda Br Ketaren, Kiki Kristanto, Rico Septian Noor — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Corruption, as an extraordinary crime, requires extraordinary measures—especially in recovering state financial losses—which demands legal certainty. This research aims to analyze legal certainty in procedures for recovering state financial losses caused by criminal acts of corruption, focusing on the role of public prosecutors and the effectiveness of the applicable legal mechanisms. Using normative legal research methods with legislative and conceptual approaches, this study processes primary and secondary legal materials through documentation and interpretative analysis techniques. The results of the study show that although procedures for recovering state losses are regulated in the Corruption Eradication Law and its derivative regulations, legal certainty has not been fully realized due to the unclear authority of the public prosecutor or the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) in tracking and seizing assets, as well as weak synchronization between criminal and civil instruments. Therefore, this study recommends reformulating regulations that explicitly define the authority of law enforcement agencies, providing adequate facilities and infrastructure for the Attorney General’s Office and the KPK, and strengthening the role of the community in reporting criminal acts of corruption. These efforts are expected to create legal certainty in the recovery of state losses, increase the effectiveness of restitution, and restore public confidence in the judicial system.

Explainable Ensemble Learning for Transparent and Efficient Zakat Scholarship Selection

Khalid Jasir, Nadya Safitri, Sofian Lusa, Dana Indra Sensuse — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Education financial assistance funded by Zakat, Infaq, and Waqf holds significant potential to support sustainable higher education. Islamic Trust Fund Ar-Raniry faces challenges in the scholarship selection process due to manual processing. This condition leads to operational inefficiency and raises concerns of subjectivity due to a lack of transparency in rejection or acceptance decisions. This study aimed to improve efficiency, objectivity, and transparency of the selection process with a Decision Support System. The study conducted a Decision-Oriented Diagnosis and Feasibility Study to understand the decision-making process. The design of a Decision Support System employed Unified Modeling Language. A prototype created using Low-code/No-code development tools following the Rapid Application Development methodology, while model development adhered to the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining. The best classification model is a Soft Voting Ensemble of Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). The model achieved an Accuracy of 75.63%, a Macro Precision of 72.80%, Minority Class Precision of 65.96%, Macro Recall of 71.16%, Minority Class Recall of 57.41%, F1-score of 71.79%, and AUC ROC of 69.57% in Holdout Testing. Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanation explained the classification results. The main factor affecting classification for the Accepted class is the Fee Level. The implementation resulted in integrated data and automated business processes. Thereby supporting the acceleration of an efficient, objective, and transparent selection process. An implementation strategy was formulated, including parallel conversion, computer-based training, and system support and maintenance.

Feasibility Analysis of Converting Diesel Power Plants (PLTD) to Solar Power Plants (PLTS) on Seira Island in Order to Reduce Electricity Supply Costs

Syariffuddin Achmad, Lela Nurlaela Wati — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Seira Island still relies on Diesel Power Plants (PLTD) as its main source of electricity supply, which results in high operating costs, dependence on fossil fuels, and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. This condition highlights the need for more efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternative power plants. This research aims to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of converting the power generation system from PLTD to Solar Power Plants (PLTS) on Seira Island to reduce electricity supply costs. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive analysis with a feasibility study approach, which includes analyzing electrical energy needs, solar power capacity planning, and an economic feasibility evaluation using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP) indicators. The data used are secondary data obtained from relevant agencies, technical reports of power plants, and supporting literature. The study results show that converting PLTD to solar power plants can significantly reduce the operational costs of power generation and decrease dependence on diesel fuel. Moreover, the economic analysis demonstrates that the solar power plant project on Seira Island is feasible to implement, with a positive NPV value, an IRR above the benchmark interest rate, and a relatively short investment payback period. Therefore, the conversion from PLTD to solar PV can serve as a strategic solution for providing sustainable and efficient electrical energy in remote island areas.

KM Implementation in Banking Sector: A Systematic Literature Review

Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to comprehensively understand the application of knowledge management (KM) in the financial sector through a systematic literature review (SLR) technique. We analyzed 46 papers systematically selected from various academic databases, representing various aspects of KM applicable to the financial sector, including implementation strategies, drivers, and barriers of implementation. Using the SLR approach, we identified, evaluated, and synthesized findings from the relevant literature to produce a clear picture of how KM is applied in organizations, particularly the finance and banking sector. This research delves deeply into how internal and external factors influence the success of KM implementation, including information technology, organizational culture, leadership, and regulation. From this analysis, we identified key strategies that can facilitate effective KM implementation in the financial sector, including IT capacity building, change management, and a strong internal communication strategy. The results suggest that KM plays a critical role in improving the performance, innovation, and sustainability of the financial sector through optimizing knowledge management and utilization. Moreover, a combination of adequate technological support, an organizational culture that supports knowledge sharing, and visionary leadership are key to overcoming barriers and maximizing KM success in the financial sector. This research provides valuable insights for stakeholders in the financial sector to design and implement effective KM strategies, while paving the way for further research on KM optimization in the face of dynamic financial sector challenges.

Integrated Lean Six Sigma and Statistical Quality Control to Enhance Production Quality in the Beverage Manufacturing

Raynald Frederick, Dermawan Wibisono — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Continuous quality improvement is fundamental to maintaining competitiveness in the beverage processing industry, particularly in developing countries where process variability often leads to operational inefficiencies. This study aims to examine the implementation of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) integrated with Statistical Quality Control (SQC) as a comprehensive strategy to enhance production quality in a selected Indonesian beverage company. The research was conducted using purposive sampling and followed the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) framework to identify, measure, and mitigate causes of volume variation in bottled products and improve process yield. Quantitative analysis was performed on production records using control charts, process capability indices (), and defect probability calculations. The results showed that prior to improvement, the process capability index () was 0.722 for 350 mL bottles and 0.636 for 450 mL bottles, with a rejection rate of approximately 3.00%, indicating poor process control. After a series of corrective actions, including mold and filler vacuum adjustments, the increased to 1.430 for 350 mL bottles and 1.338 for 450 mL bottles, while the rejection rate declined significantly to 0.562% and 0.438%, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the integration of LSS and SQC substantially improves process capability, reduces production waste, and enhances product quality. This study provides novel empirical evidence on the application of Lean Six Sigma in the beverage industry context and contributes both theoretical and practical insights into the use of data-driven quality approaches to achieve sustainable manufacturing excellence.

The Relationship Between Meteorological and Dengue Fever Prevalence at Tanjung Priok Health Center, North Jakarta (2018-1014): An Islamic Perspective

Zahwa Aisya Nabila Ajedo, Ambar Hardjanti, Afrizal Tw — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in tropical regions such as North Jakarta. Meteorological factors, including air temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed, play an important role in the spread of this disease because they affect the life cycle and activity of the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector. The high number of DHF cases in the Tanjung Priok area over the years is thought to be influenced by variations in these dynamic climatic factors. This study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data. Data on DHF cases were obtained from the annual reports of the Tanjung Priok Health Center, while meteorological data (air temperature, humidity, rainfall, and wind speed) were collected from NASA. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression tests to determine the relationship between meteorological factors and DHF prevalence. The results showed that the meteorological factor that had a significant effect on the prevalence of DHF was wind speed (p = 0.046). Meanwhile, air temperature (p = 0.902), humidity (p = 0.562), and rainfall (p = 0.528) did not show significant relationships. The increase in wind speed can extend the flying range of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, thereby increasing the potential for DHF transmission in densely populated areas. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between wind speed and the prevalence of DHF in the Tanjung Priok Health Center area, North Jakarta.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style, Work Motivation, Employee Performance, and Perceived Meaningfulness of Work

Ginka Febriyanti Br Ginting, Dian Alfia Purwandari, Rina Anindita — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research was conducted to explore the effects of Transformational Leadership Style on employee performance, Transformational Leadership Style on work motivation, work motivation on employee performance, Transformational Leadership Style on employee performance with motivation as a mediating variable, Transformational Leadership Style on perceived meaningfulness of work, and perceived meaningfulness of work on work motivation. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, distributing online questionnaires to 325 employees working in the administrative staff section of manufacturing industry head offices in the DKI Jakarta area. Respondents for this study were selected using a purposive sampling method. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique. The results of this study indicate that Transformational Leadership Style has no direct effect on employee performance; however, it has a significant effect on work motivation. Work motivation, in turn, influences employee performance and mediates the relationship between Transformational Leadership Style and employee performance. Furthermore, Transformational Leadership Style affects the perceived meaningfulness of work, while the perception of meaningfulness of work significantly affects work motivation. The managerial implications of this research suggest that company management should strengthen employees’ work motivation to encourage greater creativity and improve overall performance.

The Effect Of Digital Competence On Employee Performance Through Artificial Intelligence Adaptation As An Intervening Variable

Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of Digital Competence, Technology Readiness, and Leadership Style on Employee Performance through the adaptation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) among employees at PT Sewangi Alam Nusantara. The study is motivated by the need to improve employee effectiveness, efficiency,and work quality in the digital era, where digital literacy,readiness of technological infrastructure, and adaptive leadership are key factors supporting adaptation to AI-based innovations. The research employed a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires distributed to 102 employees. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)via Smart PLS 3.0 to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that Digital Competence (path coefficient = 1.740), Technology Readiness (2.731), and Leadership Style (1.844) positively affect Employee Performance. These three variables also contribute positively to AI Adaptation (0.534; 0.834; 1.063), which significantly mediates the improvement in employee performance (0.423), resulting in a total mediated effect of 0.917. The study concludes that a combination of digital competence, technology readiness, and adaptive leadership, reinforced by AI adoption, is a critical factor in enhancing employee productivity and performance. Practical implications include the need for digital literacy development, upgrading technological infrastructure,and applying leadership styles that support digital transformation to ensure optimal AI implementation in the workplace.

Modification of Carbon Felt With Carbon Nanotubes as Electrodes for Microbial Fuel Cells

Nur Fadilah Kahfi, Muhammad Muhibuddin Mufqi — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Microbial Fuel Cell as an alternative energy device that produces electrical energy. Microbial Fuel Cell is a device that can convert energy in organic matter into electrical energy using microorganisms that carry out metabolism as a catalyst. One of the electrodes, the anode, plays an important role as an electron acceptor in a microbial fuel cell. The anode used can be improved the resulting performance by modifying it using other materials. Therefore, in this study, variations of the anode of Carbon Felt modified by Carbon Nanotubes were used in the Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell. From the CF, CF/CNT1, CF/CNT2 and CF/CNT3 anodes used in this study, data on the CF/CNT2 anode showed the most optimal among other anodes with a sheet resistivity value of 14677.5 ± 2538.69 Ω/sq, the average voltage is 0.1228 V, the value of Maximum Power Density (DTM) is 42.45 mW/m2 at an average current density of 246.21 mA/m2. And the activity of microorganisms achieved by the CF/CNT2 anode is that it can oxidize glucose up to 96.13% and produce a biofilm mass of 0.255 ± 0.007 g. Then the concentration of CNT added to the CF anode will affect the electrical energy produced.

The Influence of AI Technology on Employee Engagement

Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of the use of AI HR Chatbot, technology adaptation, and AI-based performance appraisal systems on employee engagement with internal communication effectiveness as an intervening variable among employees at Bank Banten Head Office. The research background is based on the phenomenon of decreased employee performance and the adaptation challenges to the digital transformation being carried out by the company. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based technology in human resource management is expected to increase the effectiveness of internal communication, appraisal transparency, and employee involvement in the organization6. The research method used is a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires distributed to employees at Bank Banten Head Office. Data analysis was performed using path analysis technique to test the direct and indirect relationships between variables8. The results show that the use of AI HR Chatbot, technology adaptation, and AI-based performance appraisal systems have a positive and significant influence on employee engagement, both directly and through internal communication effectiveness as a mediating variable9. Internal communication effectiveness is proven to strengthen the relationship between AI-based technology and the level of employee involvement. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of integrating AI technology into the human resource management system supported by effective internal communication to enhance emotional attachment, motivation, and employee performance. The practical implication of this research is the need for a human-centered digitalization strategy and transparent communication policies so that the implementation of AI in the workplace can run optimally.

The Impact of NO2 and SO2 Pollutants on Respiratory Diseases: A Case Study of Indonesia

Reizka Asadelia Rafmawan — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Air pollution remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization. Key pollutants such as NO₂ and SO₂ are strongly linked to respiratory conditions, yet comprehensive national evidence on their age-specific impacts remains limited. This study aims to examine the causal effects of NO₂ and SO₂ exposure on the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), pneumonia, and asthma in Indonesia, with a particular focus on differences across age groups. This study employs a quasi-experimental design using district-level pollution data and individual health data from Riskesdas 2018. Analysis was conducted via multiple linear regression, coefficient stability testing, and IPW to estimate robust causal associations. Age-stratified analysis was performed across five groups: 0–4, 5–17, 18–49, 50–74, and 75+ years. Results show that NO₂ exhibits a strong positive association with ARI incidence, particularly among children aged 0–4 and 5–17 years, and is linked to asthma in adults aged 18–49. SO₂ shows significant positive effects on ARI among older adults (50–74 years) and on asthma in those aged 75 and above. However, unexpected negative or non-significant relationships were found between NO₂ and pneumonia/asthma, and between SO₂ and certain outcomes, likely reflecting data constraints and unobserved confounders. In conclusion, this study reveals age-specific pollutant–health relationships and underscores the need for targeted air quality interventions. Recommendations include strengthening monitoring systems, implementing pollutant-specific warnings, and integrating environmental–health data to support evidence-based policies and protect vulnerable groups.

Implementation of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model Integrated with Augmented Reality to Improve Learning Outcomes of Class XI MAN 2 Tidore Kepulauan on Uniform Linear Motion Material

Rosdiana S Syahman, Mardia Hi Rahman, Hutri Handayani Isra — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research investigates the effect of integrating the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with Augmented Reality (AR) in improving student learning outcomes in physics, specifically in the material of Regular Straight Motion (GLB). Conducted at MAN 2 Tidore Islands, the study involved grade XI students during the odd semester of the 2025/2026 school year. Using a quantitative approach with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design, the results showed significant improvements in the experimental group. The average final score of the experimental class was 62.46, while the control class scored 40.23, with a p-value of 0.005 (< 0.05), confirming that AR-based PBL effectively enhanced learning outcomes. The N-Gain analysis revealed a 73.35% improvement in the experimental class, categorized as quite effective, compared to 24.58% in the control class. The integration of AR provided interactive, engaging, and accessible visualizations of abstract concepts, fostering better understanding and active student involvement. This study highlights the potential of AR-assisted PBL as an innovative teaching strategy to improve the quality of physics learning and suggests further exploration of this model in other educational contexts.

Digital Self-Efficacy and Organizational Support: a Pathway to Digital Resilience and Performance

Vellen Wibowo — Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the role of digital self-efficacy in predicting digital resilience, with perceived organizational support as a mediator between digital resilience and employees’ performance in technology-based companies. This analysis seeks to uncover individual and organizational factors that foster adaptability and productive growth in the digital era. The study was conducted using a quantitative survey design with a cross-sectional approach among digital-intensive workplaces in the technology, finance, education, and e-commerce sectors. A total of more than 320 participants were recruited through online stratified random sampling. A 5-point Likert scale was used to measure responses, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine direct, indirect, and moderating effects among the study constructs. The results indicate that digital self-efficacy is significantly and positively related to digital resilience, which in turn influences employee performance. Perceived organizational support serves as a moderator in the relationship between resilience and performance, highlighting the interdependence between individual digital competencies and organizational support systems. This study contributes to the theoretical foundation of digital resilience by integrating both individual and organizational perspectives. The findings suggest that organizations should focus on enhancing employees’ digital self-efficacy, fostering supportive work climates, and promoting lifelong learning. Such initiatives are vital in building resilience, unlocking creativity, and sustaining long-term performance amid ongoing digital disruption.

A Review of Research on the Bioactivity of Stevia Rebaudiana Sp. (Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound Content and DPPH) in Morocco, Mexico, and Indonesia

Johana Fitriani, Deni Rahmat — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Stevia rebaudiana is a plant that contains many compounds with high antioxidant potential, but differences in activity are influenced by solvent factors and the growing environment. For this reason, this article review collects data on the types of solvents and the parts of the plant that can be used as the best sources for antioxidant activity. The method used in this literature review article (LRA) involves collecting and analyzing various journals that discuss the phytochemical and antioxidant activities of Stevia rebaudiana. Results from studies on the ethanol extract of S. rebaudiana leaves in Mexico show that the total phenolic content (TPC) in both Criolla and Morita varieties is lower than the total flavonoid content (TFC), while in Morocco, the TPC content is higher than the TFC. Based on DPPH test results, ethanol is the best solvent for extracting Moroccan Stevia, and the most suitable part of the plant to use is the leaves. The antioxidant activity varies across different regions. Furthermore, analysis of S. rebaudiana chromatogram varieties using HCA and PCA multivariate analysis can reveal the dominant marker and active compounds of the Stevia plant in each region.

The Impact of Operational Efficiency and Risk Management on Good Corporate Governance and its Implications on Company Profitability as a Moderating Variable at BPR Artatama Sejahtera, South Jakarta

Murni Ardina Pandiangan, Cecep Taufiqurrochman, Tatang S Herisman — Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyze the effect of operational efficiency and risk management on Good Corporate Governance (GCG), as well as the effect of GCG on corporate profitability at BPR Artatama Sejahtera, South Jakarta. This study employs a quantitative method with an associative approach and utilizes path analysis to examine direct, indirect, and simultaneous relationships among the research variables. The data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 25 respondents consisting of employees and management of BPR Artatama Sejahtera, South Jakarta. Data analysis was conducted using statistical tests, including partial effect tests, simultaneous effect tests, and moderation tests. The results indicate that operational efficiency has a positive and significant effect on Good Corporate Governance. Risk management also has a positive and significant effect on GCG. Furthermore, Good Corporate Governance is proven to have a positive effect on corporate profitability. Profitability acts as a moderating variable that strengthens the relationship between operational efficiency and Good Corporate Governance, as well as the relationship between risk management and Good Corporate Governance.

The Relationship Among Perceived Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation, and Individual Performance: A Study at PT Jakarta Railway

Annisa Arnindita, Achmad Fajar Hendarman — Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the relationship among transformational leadership, work motivation, and individual performance at PT Jakarta Railway, a government-owned urban transport operator undergoing organisational change. As demands for reliable and sustainable public transport services increase, leadership and employee motivation become essential drivers of performance. However, studies examining these relationships in Indonesian public transport organisations remain limited. This research aims to address the gap by analysing how employees' perceptions of transformational leadership and their work motivation influence performance across three directorates. Using a quantitative design, data were collected through structured questionnaires, generating 235 valid responses. Transformational leadership was measured using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), work motivation with the Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS), and performance using a 23-item instrument. Statistical assumptions were met, and simple and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS. The findings show that transformational leadership has a strong and significant positive effect on individual performance. Employees who perceive their leaders as inspiring, supportive, and clear in direction tend to show better performance. Work motivation also positively affects performance, although its influence becomes weaker when leadership is included in the model, indicating that leadership is the stronger predictor. When tested together, transformational leadership and motivation significantly predict performance, explaining 12% of the variance. Demographic factors did not substantially affect the model. Overall, the study highlights the central role of transformational leadership in enhancing employee performance at PT Jakarta Railway and provides practical implications for leadership development and performance management within public transport organisations.

Strategy to Increase the Operational Cost Efficiency of Water Treatment Plants by Integrating Green Concept and Value Engineering

Hendy Gunawan Putra, Budi Susetyo — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The government prioritizes achieving 100% access to drinking water under Vision 2030, with a service coverage target of 94.61% in Tangerang Regency by 2030. Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) are a crucial component of clean water supply systems; however, their operations can pose environmental impacts. This research analyzes the operational cost efficiency of WTPs by integrating green concepts with the Value Engineering (VE) method. The study aims to identify economical and environmentally friendly solutions without compromising water quality and quantity by pinpointing key factors that influence operational cost efficiency. The methodology includes a literature review, hypothesis formulation, and data collection through questionnaires, analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and VE studies. Results indicate that sustainable technology with renewable energy use and innovation implementation are the most influential variables. A case study at PERUMDAM TKR WTP applies VE and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to assess operational cost efficiency under a green concept. The VE results show an 8.97% cost increase amounting to IDR 1,717,378,957, while LCCA findings demonstrate that green concept investments in WTPs are financially feasible, with NPV > 0 (IDR 14,076,121,227.33), an IRR of 16.42%, and a payback period of 8.60 years.

Financial Health Indicators and Organizational Transformation Strategies: A Comprehensive Multi-Model Analysis Through Systematic Literature Review of PT NPLC's Performance Evolution 2015-2024

Ayu Prabandari, Ana Noveria — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The era of digital transformation has resulted in a fundamental paradigm shift in organizational management, where financial health indicators have become the main determinants of the success of organizational transformation strategies. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the evolution of PT NPLC’s performance through a systematic literature review that integrates financial health indicators and organizational transformation strategies for the 2015–2024 period. The research method employs a systematic literature review following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, using a multi-model analysis that integrates 22 quantitative metrics and qualitative frameworks (SWOT, PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces). The results show that the implementation of the organizational transformation strategy in 2021 had a significant positive impact, with an increase in Net Profit Margin from 4.98% to 13.83% (p = 0.0014), a strengthening of the Current Ratio from 1.05 to 1.42 (p = 0.0136), and a decrease in the Debt Ratio from 0.62 to 0.41 (p = 0.0143). The study concludes that an integrated digital transformation approach can create long-term value despite trade-offs in asset productivity. Therefore, organizations need to develop a multi-model analysis framework to optimize transformation strategies based on financial health indicators.

The Relationship between Cariogenic Food Consumption and Tooth Brushing Habits to Dental Caries in 4th, 5th and 6th Grade Students at SDN 1 Cikulur, Lebak Banten Regency.

Weny Martalinda, Nur Asniati Djaali, Brian Sri Prahastuti — Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Dental caries is one of the most common oral health problems among school-aged children and is often neglected, despite its potential impact on quality of life, academic achievement, and overall health. High consumption of cariogenic foods such as candies, chocolates, sugary drinks, and other sweet snacks, combined with poor and irregular tooth-brushing habits, are the main contributing factors to the occurrence of dental caries in elementary school children. This research analyzed the relationship between cariogenic food consumption and tooth-brushing habits with the incidence of dental caries among 4th–6th graders at SDN 1 Cikulur, Lebak, Banten, and examined the confounding effects of gender, parental education, and socioeconomic status. A cross-sectional design with stratified random sampling was used, involving 76 respondents. Data were collected via questionnaires and visual dental examinations, then analyzed using Chi-Square and Multiple Logistic Regression to assess relationships while controlling for confounders. The findings revealed a significant relationship between cariogenic food consumption and tooth-brushing habits with dental caries. Children with high cariogenic food consumption were seven times more likely to develop caries, while those with poor tooth-brushing habits had an 11.6 times greater risk after adjusting for parental education and socioeconomic status. The study recommends strengthening oral health education in schools, enforcing stricter supervision of children's food consumption through school policies and Puskesmas programs, and increasing family involvement in shaping healthy behaviors. Cross-sectoral collaboration is expected to sustainably reduce the prevalence of dental caries among elementary school children.

Enhancing Telecommunication Infrastructure Performance Through Dynamic Capabilities: The Mediating Roles of GRC Implementation and Artificial Intelegent Adoption

Tri Haryanto, Alfira Sofia — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The telecommunications infrastructure sector faces unprecedented challenges in balancing operational efficiency, regulatory compliance, and digital transformation amid capital-intensive investments exceeding USD 428 billion globally in 2023. This study investigates how telecommunication infrastructure organizations can enhance their performance through dynamic capabilities, examining the mediating roles of Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) implementation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption. Drawing on Dynamic Capabilities Theory (Teece et al., 1997) and the Resource-Based View (Barney, 1991), this research develops and tests an integrated framework using data from 87 telecommunication infrastructure organizations across 23 countries spanning 2019–2023. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships between dynamic capabilities, GRC implementation, AI adoption, and organizational performance using secondary data from annual reports, industry databases (ITU, GSMA Intelligence), and regulatory filings. The results reveal that dynamic capabilities significantly influence organizational performance both directly ( , ) and indirectly through GRC implementation ( , ) and AI adoption ( , ). GRC implementation and AI adoption exhibit complementary mediating effects, together explaining 68.3% of the variance in organizational performance ( ). The findings provide strategic guidance for telecommunication infrastructure managers to systematically develop sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities while concurrently strengthening governance frameworks and accelerating AI-enabled transformation. This research integrates dynamic capabilities theory with GRC and AI adoption frameworks, explicating mechanisms through which capabilities translate into superior performance in infrastructure-intensive sectors.

Resource Governance: Corporate Structure and Risk Management For Chinese Investments in Indonesia's Coal and Nickel Sectors Under Indonesian Law

Adilla Meytiara Intan — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the legal and regulatory framework governing Chinese investments in Indonesia’s coal and nickel sectors, focusing on corporate structure requirements and risk management strategies under Indonesian law. Based on the formulation and evaluation of a transdermal gel using Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) extract as an anti-inflammatory agent, the study concluded that the formulation produced a stable transdermal gel in the form of a film, with a yield of 19.4% from 500 grams of plant material. The gel has a brown color, a characteristic Bajakah odor, and forms a dry, crack-free film. Patch weights ranged from 0.107 to 0.192 g, with a thickness of 0.11–0.16 mm, and the gel withstood more than 400 foldings without damage. The formulation utilized HPMC as a gelling agent, propylene glycol as a humectant, and Tween 60 as an enhancer, producing a gel suitable for transdermal application. Physical evaluations showed that all formulas had a pH within the skin’s physiological range (5.2–6.2), ensuring safety for topical use. Organoleptic evaluation confirmed dry, crack-free films with smooth surfaces. Viscosity and homogeneity supported consistent active-ingredient release, while uniform patch weights ensured stable dose distribution. Formulas with enhancers (F2 and F3) exhibited better physicochemical properties, particularly in terms of pH stability and weight consistency. In vivo tests on rats induced with a 1% carrageenan solution showed varying anti-inflammatory effects: Formula F1 reduced edema by 0.13 ml, while F2 (0.30 ml) and F3 (0.31 ml) were more effective, approaching the positive control (diclofenac sodium, 0.45 ml).

Critical Analysis of Toll Road Investment Through A Systematic Literature Review Approach: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

Rio Rizqi Septiawan, Oei Fuk Jin — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Toll Road Investment is a key strategy in transportation infrastructure development aimed at improving connectivity, logistics efficiency, and economic growth. However, financing complexity, regulatory uncertainty, and socio-political risk dynamics make this investment face serious challenges. Twenty scientific articles published in Q1–Q3 between 2019–2024 were evaluated based on their study focus, key findings, geographic context, and journal rankings. The research results indicate that toll road investment trends are undergoing a significant transformation, marked by the dominance of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) schemes, the integration of digital technology, and a lifecycle-based management approach. Meanwhile, the key challenges identified include a weak regulatory framework, financial risks, limited government capacity, and minimal stakeholder involvement. Conversely, opportunities can be leveraged through strengthening project governance, utilizing innovative contract models, and adopting risk- and sustainability-based performance evaluation systems. These findings are expected to provide theoretical and practical contributions to academics, policymakers, and investors in designing more adaptive and sustainable toll road investment strategies in the future

Digital Crisis Governance: A Systematic Study of Government Crisis Communication in The Social Media Era (2020–2025)

Judika Margaretha — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by the PRISMA framework, with literature curated from the Scopus database covering the 2020–2025 period. The synthesis of 28 selected articles reveals three main findings. First, government crisis communication is evolving from a reactive model to a proactive and sustainable one, aligning with the Ongoing Crisis Communication (OCC) framework, which emphasizes pre-, during-, and post-crisis communication as integral elements of the governance process. Second, the effectiveness of digital crisis communication is primarily determined by the configuration of speed, accuracy, empathy, message consistency, and “adaptive transparency”—a concept that considers public literacy and the audience’s psychological state—as formulated in the CERC model and supported by empirical findings across multiple platforms (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Weibo). Third, recent studies underscore that public trust is not built merely through data transparency but also through perceptions of the government’s goodwill, integrity, and capacity to manage collective emotions (affective publics), as well as collaboration with external actors such as independent media, fact-checkers, and citizen journalists to counter disinformation. Moreover, the political and cultural context moderates the success of communication strategies: authoritarian regimes tend to excel in speed and message consistency but are limited in substantive participation, whereas democracies often grapple with polarization and legitimacy contestation. This study concludes that government crisis communication in the digital era should be understood as digital crisis governance—an integrated process combining adaptive transparency, strategic empathy, and cross-actor collaboration to strengthen legitimacy and public trust sustainably.

The Mechanism of Word of Mouth in the Transformation of Strategic Capabilities Into Competitive Advantages of Excellent Private Universities the Role of Word of Mouth as a Conversion Mechanism in the Digital Age (Parsimonious Model)

Petiana Indriati, Sri Widyastuti, Zulkifli Zulkifli — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The changing competitive landscape of private higher education institutions (PTS) indicates that institutional excellence is no longer solely determined by internal performance, but rather by how that performance translates into credible public perception. This study aims to examine the role of Word of Mouth (WoM) as a conversion mechanism that transforms strategic capabilities—student experience (X1), digital strategy (X2), and industry partnerships (X3)—into competitive advantage (Y1) at Unggul-accredited PTS in the Greater Jakarta area. The research approach employs an explanatory quantitative method with Structural Equation Modeling analysis based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were obtained from 252 respondents consisting of active students and alumni. The results show that student experience and digital strategy have no direct effect on competitive advantage, while industry partnerships have a significant positive effect. However, all strategic capabilities are proven to have a significant effect on Word of Mouth, and Word of Mouth has a strong effect on competitive advantage. Mediation tests confirm that WoM functions as the main transmission mechanism, with a full mediation pattern for student experience and digital strategy, and partial mediation for industry partnerships. This finding confirms that strengthening internal capabilities needs to be accompanied by a social-digital advocacy activation strategy to produce a competitive advantage that is recognized by the public.

Excess Power Management for Industires in Remote Areas: A Case Study of PT Pertamina EP Cepu - Donggi Matindok Field

Firmansyahrullah Firmansyahrullah — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes excess power management at PT Pertamina EP Cepu’s Donggi Matindok Field (DMF), where the power plant utilizes only 40% of its installed capacity, leaving 4–6 MW of excess electricity—worth approximately 33.9 billion rupiah annually—unutilized. The research aims to formulate an optimal business solution to improve power generation efficiency by monetizing this excess power. Using a mixed-method approach, primary data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD) with experts, questionnaires, and interviews, while secondary data included operational reports and technical records.The Kepner-Tregoe decision analysis identified monetizing excess electricity as the most viable improvement area, achieving the highest score of 82.5. Through Value-Focused Thinking, incorporating SWOT and PESTEL analyses, evaluation criteria and alternative solutions were developed. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), based on expert pairwise comparisons, determined that implementing a power swap scheme with PLN is the optimal solution, with a priority weight of 0.46124. This strategy enables DMF to reduce operational costs, increase revenue, and support national energy efficiency goals while ensuring business sustainability in remote operational areas..

Profiling Chemical Literacy and 21st Century Skills: Efforts to Develop Effective Chemistry Learning Strategies in Public Schools

Laila Naufi Rachma, A.K Prodjosantoso — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

21st-century education demands a transformation towards student-centered learning, yet its implementation in new institutions like Sekolah Rakyat is often hindered by a lack of student profile data. This study aims to map the initial profile of 21st-century skills (4C) and chemical literacy of Grade X students at Sekolah Rakyat 19 Bantul as a diagnostic foundation for developing learning strategies. This study employed a quantitative survey method. The subjects were 40 students selected through total sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires for critical thinking, creative thinking, communication, and collaboration skills, as well as a test for chemical literacy skills. Data analysis used descriptive statistics to determine student ability categories. The results showed that communication skills were the most prominent aspect, with 62.5% of students in the high category. Critical thinking skills were dominated by the high category (52.5%), while creative thinking and collaboration skills were mostly in the medium category. Conversely, initial chemical literacy was the lowest aspect, with 67.5% of students in the medium category and 20% in the low category. This study concludes that there is a gap between strong social capital (communication) and low scientific literacy, recommending the implementation of differentiated and contextual chemistry learning strategies to address this disparity.

Analysis of The Impact of Resources on Time Performance in an Oncology Hospital Project

Mohammad Syafei, Budi Susetyo — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study analyzes the influence of resource factors on project completion time performance in an oncology hospital construction project, which has high complexity due to specialized facilities such as radiotherapy rooms with radiation shielding requirements. The variables examined include equipment, work methods, materials, human resources, and financial factors. Data analysis employed a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine structural relationships between latent variables. The inner model analysis yielded an R² value of 0.895, indicating that 89.5% of the variation in project time performance can be explained by the five factors. Direct hypothesis testing revealed that equipment is the most dominant variable (path coefficient 0.415; p-value 0.000), followed by work methods (0.258; p-value 0.012), materials (0.231; p-value 0.006), and human resources (0.142; p-value 0.014). Financial factors showed no significant effect (0.037; p-value 0.731). The study concludes that technical and operational factors—particularly equipment, work methods, materials, and human resources—have a greater influence on project delays than financial aspects. Recommended strategies include optimizing equipment management, strengthening efficient work methods, controlling material supply chains, and improving workforce competence and coordination to enhance time efficiency and project completion success.

Institutional Pressures in IKPA Implementation at the Ministry of State Secretariat

Aryanto Aji, Desti Fitriani — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study offers a new perspective on the implementation of Budget Execution Performance Indicators (IKPA) at the Ministry of State Secretariat by applying institutional theory, specifically the concept of isomorphism and the strategic response framework, to analyze how organizational behavior is shaped by coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures. This study aims to examine the influence of these three pressures on the implementation of PER-5/PB/2024 and to identify strategic responses, behavioral dynamics, and obstacles faced in achieving performance targets. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, observations, and analysis of documents and secondary data drawn from sources such as OM-SPAN and documents related to budget implementation. The results show a dominance of coercive pressures that encourage compliance, weak normative pressures, and limited internal mimetic pressures. Key challenges include uncertain activity schedules, weak internal coordination, uneven human resource capacity, and limited leadership commitment. These dynamics result in symbolic compliance and performance distortions that undermine the substantive validity of IKPA scores

Strategic Prioritization for State-Owned Airlines Post-Restructuring: A Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) Analysis of Garuda Indonesia

Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

PT Garuda Indonesia as state-owned airlines, post-bankruptcy restructuring has a critical strategic dilemma whether implement aggressive international recovery or focus into domestic dominance. This study aims to formulate and prioritize the optimum strategic direction for PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk after the suspension of debt payment obligations (PKPU). This research used a descriptive quantitative approach based on PT Garuda Indonesia secondary data analysis (2023–2024) and comprehensive strategic management framework by David and David (2022). The strategic formulation process integrates the Input Stage (IFE/EFE and CPM Matrix), Matching Stage (SWOT and IE Matrix) and Decision Stage using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Garuda Indonesia results in IE Quadrant V (Hold and Maintain), IFE score 2.53 and EFE score 2.83. The QSPM matrix evaluate prioritization strategies preference of Garuda Indonesia where Domestic and Efficiency strategy have a Total Attractiveness Score (TAS) of 6.46, significantly beating the International and Premium Expansion Strategy with TAS: 4.51. This study concludes that in the negative equity positioning and high operational cost, Garuda Indonesia should prioritize on leverage domestic market dominance and optimize cost efficiency rather than premium and international route expansion.

International Trade Law as an Instrument of Global Economic Integration: A Normative Study of the Role of the World Trade Organization

Indra Setiawan, Zul Karnen — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Economic globalization has led to the birth of an integrated international trading system through multilateral legal regimes. International trade law no longer merely regulates cross-border transactions, but has developed into an instrument of global economic integration that shapes the national policy structure of member states. The World Trade Organization (WTO) plays a central role as an institution that institutionalizes the principles of liberalization, non-discrimination, and certainty of trade law through various multilateral agreements. This research aims to analyze the position of international trade law as an instrument of global economic integration and examine the normative role of the WTO in shaping world trade governance. The method used is normative legal research with legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study show that the WTO has succeeded in creating harmonization of global trade standards through the principles of Most Favoured Nation, National Treatment, and a binding dispute resolution mechanism. However, such integration still leaves the problem of structural inequality between developed and developing countries, the weak effectiveness of Special and Differential Treatment, and limited national policy space. Therefore, WTO governance reform and strengthening the domestic capacity of developing countries are needed so that global economic integration takes place in a fair and sustainable manner.

Navigating Digital Challenges: The Role of Self-Efficacy in Coping with Technostress in Remote Regions

Christy Kartini Tonoro, Prio Utomo — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid expansion of digital technologies has reshaped higher education, creating both opportunities and pressures for lecturers, particularly in resource-constrained regions. This study explores the phenomenon of technostress and its impact on lecturers' self-efficacy in Terdepan, Terluar, dan Tertinggal (3T) regions. Based on the Person–Environment Fit Theory and self-efficacy theory, the research investigates how lecturers experience and respond to digital demands amid infrastructure limitations. Using a qualitative phenomenological design, nine lecturers from diverse disciplines participated in in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis revealed five interrelated dimensions: techno-overload, techno-complexity, techno-uncertainty, the mediating role of self-efficacy, and institutional and cultural support. Digitalisation intensified workloads, platform complexity challenged senior lecturers lacking formal training, and unstable systems increased uncertainty. Higher self-efficacy fostered adaptive coping, whereas lower self-efficacy encouraged avoidance strategies. Findings highlight that technostress in underdeveloped higher education settings is not only an individual struggle but also a systemic issue shaped by weak infrastructure, inconsistent institutional support, and cultural dynamics. While self-efficacy strengthens resilience, it cannot offset structural inequities. The study extends the technostress literature in underdeveloped regional contexts and highlights the need for sustained infrastructure investment, structured training, and culturally grounded mentors to support inclusive digital transformation.

A Knowledge-Based Performance Management System Framework: Case Study in The Medical Device Manufacturing Sector

A. Rizky Aulia Utami, Dermawan Wibisono — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The company operated in a highly regulated medical device environment where quality consistency, documentation accuracy, and supply reliability were essential to meeting ISO 13485 and MDR requirements. As annual purchasing volumes increased, the organization became heavily dependent on international suppliers, with more than 95% of raw materials sourced overseas. The main operational issue examined in this study was the high rate of late supplier deliveries: 53.83% arrived after the agreed schedule between 2020 and 2024, representing USD 2,003,408.53 in purchase value, while only 45.76% were on time and 0.40% arrived early. These delays disrupted production scheduling, weakened the company’s ability to meet customer orders, and undermined operational credibility, particularly within the procurement function. This research aimed to address two key problems: identifying the underlying causes of procurement inefficiencies and designing a Knowledge-Based Performance Management System (KBPMS) tailored to the company’s operational context. A qualitative-dominant mixed-method approach was adopted. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys. Secondary data were sourced from historical purchasing records, supplier delivery reports, internal SOPs, and departmental objectives to support a comprehensive understanding of procurement challenges. The analysis process consisted of three stages. First, root cause analysis was conducted using the Ishikawa diagram. Second, the KBPMS framework was developed to define the criteria.

Lupus Nephritis Presenting with Mixed Nephrotic and Nephritic Syndrome : A Case Report

I Dewa Ayu Meyta Putri Sandradevi, Nyoman Sutarka — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) that may present with mixed nephritic and nephrotic features. Diagnosis can be challenging when renal biopsy is not immediately feasible. Case Presentation: An 18-year-old female presented with dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, generalized edema, and recurrent seizures. She exhibited persistent nephrotic-range proteinuria, active urinary sediment, severe hypoalbuminemia, hypocomplementemia, and strongly positive antinuclear antibodies, while anti–double-stranded DNA antibodies were negative. Imaging revealed bilateral pleural effusions and increased renal parenchymal echogenicity. Based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria, she fulfilled 14 points, supporting a diagnosis of SLE. The clinical and laboratory findings were consistent with probable lupus nephritis presenting as mixed nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. She was treated with corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil, hydroxychloroquine, antihypertensive agents, electrolyte correction, and supportive therapy, resulting in clinical stabilization during hospitalization. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of lupus nephritis in a young female presenting with overlapping nephritic and nephrotic features when renal biopsy cannot be performed immediately. The presence of persistent nephrotic-range proteinuria, active urinary sediment, hypocomplementemia, high-titer ANA, and systemic manifestations fulfilled the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for SLE, supporting a clinical diagnosis of probable lupus nephritis. In accordance with current guidelines, early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy was justified to prevent irreversible renal damage. This case underscores the importance of integrating clinical, serologic, and laboratory findings for timely decision-making and highlights the need for close follow-up and renal biopsy once clinically feasible to optimize long-term outcomes.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: A Bibliometric Analysis Study

Ervina Dian Ayu Kencana, Arni Surwanti — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The intersection of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Corporate Governance (CG) has become a central theme in academic discourse, reflecting the growing demand for corporate accountability and sustainability. This study aims to map the intellectual landscape and trace the evolution of research at the nexus of CSR and CG through a bibliometric approach. Data were sourced from the Scopus database, and after filtering for English-language articles, a final dataset of 1,530 documents published between 2015 and 2024 was analyzed. The bibliometric analysis encompasses annual publication trends, the identification of the most influential authors and highly cited articles, and a multi-faceted visualization of the research field using VOSviewer. This includes network analysis to map thematic clusters, overlay visualization to reveal the temporal evolution of topics, and density visualization to identify core and emerging research themes. VOSviewer visualizations uncover a robust and evolving relationship between CSR and CG, structured around five primary thematic clusters: corporate governance and board diversity, ESG and environmental performance, CSR disclosure and firm performance, financial performance and firm value, and contemporary issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The study not only charts the developmental trajectory of this scientific discourse but also provides a solid foundation for identifying future research directions that are pertinent to contemporary challenges

Criminal Liability for the Creation and Distribution of Deepfake Pornographic Videos on Social Media

Ruben Nicholas Alfredo Tobing, Yuliana Yuli — Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The advancement of information technology, particularly artificial intelligence, has significantly influenced various aspects of human life while simultaneously giving rise to new forms of cybercrime, including the misuse of deepfake technology. Deepfake technology is frequently exploited to create and disseminate pornographic content on social media platforms, resulting in serious violations of victims’ privacy, dignity, and psychological well-being. This study examines criminal liability for the creation and distribution of deepfake-based pornographic content under Law Number 44 of 2008 on Pornography and Law Number 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions, as well as the challenges faced in law enforcement. This research adopts a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by library research on relevant legislation and legal doctrines. The findings reveal that current legal regulations in Indonesia have not explicitly addressed deepfake technology, leading to difficulties in legal qualification, evidence gathering, and effective law enforcement. Therefore, this study emphasizes the urgency of strengthening and updating legal frameworks to ensure legal certainty and provide comprehensive protection for victims of deepfake-related crimes.

Nurses’ Role Ambiguity: A Scoping Review

Sekar Putri Kirana, Yuliani Setyaningsih, Chriswardani Suryawati — Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nurses are frontline healthcare professionals in hospital settings, operating within complex clinical environments, high job demands, and rapidly evolving healthcare systems. These conditions contribute to role ambiguity, a multidimensional phenomenon characterized by unclear responsibilities, expectations, and professional boundaries, which may affect nurses’ performance, psychological well-being, and care quality. Aim: This scoping review aimed to clarify the concept of role ambiguity, synthesize current evidence regarding its occurrence among hospital nurses, and identify multilevel factors influencing its development. Methods: A scoping review methodology was employed. Literature searches were conducted in Google Scholar, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Wiley using the keywords “nurse” OR “nurses” AND “role ambiguity” AND “hospital”. Based on predefined inclusion criteria, ten original research articles published between 2020 and 2026 were selected and analyzed. Results: Role ambiguity is influenced by individual, organizational, and systemic factors. Emotional intelligence plays a critical role in regulating responses to ambiguous situations, while social support from supervisors and colleagues, along with organizational clarity regarding responsibilities and professional boundaries, reduces role ambiguity. Additionally, digitalization, adaptation to evolving work systems, and structured education and simulation programs contribute to improving role clarity. Conclusion: Role ambiguity among hospital nurses is a complex, multidimensional issue requiring multilevel organizational and professional strategies. Future longitudinal and methodologically rigorous research is needed to support sustainable workforce and healthcare system improvement.

The Relationship Between Cariogenic Food Consumption and Tooth Brushing Habits to Dental Caries in 4th, 5th and 6th Grade Students at SDN 1 Cikulur, Lebak Banten Regency

Dewi Fatimah Azzahra, Moira Katja Kabullah Nugraha, Amalia E. Maulana — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Integration of Coding and Artificial Intelligence Based on Tri-N to Enhance Learning Outcomes in Science and Social Studies for Elementary School Students

Lukman Setiawan, Akbar Al Masjid, Ana Fitrotun Nisa, Elyas Djufri — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Low learning outcomes in the Integrated Science (IPAS) subject at the elementary school level highlight the need for innovative, technology-enhanced learning approaches. This study aims to improve sixth-grade students' IPAS achievement by implementing a learning design that integrates coding and artificial intelligence within the Tri-N approach (niteni, nirokke, nambahi). The novelty of this research lies in the systematic integration of Tri-N—a culturally-rooted pedagogical framework—with modern computational tools (coding and AI), creating a unique bridge between local wisdom and 21st-century digital competencies in elementary education. Conducted at SDN 2 Cikalongwetan, West Bandung Regency, the research involved 40 students and employed Classroom Action Research using Kurt Lewin’s two-cycle model. Each cycle consisted of planning the Tri-N–based coding–AI design, implementing learning activities, observing student engagement, and reflecting on outcomes for improvement. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and learning achievement tests, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The study found a steady increase in students’ average scores from 73.6 (pre-action) to 78.9 (Cycle I) and 84.5 (Cycle II), achieving 100% mastery. Qualitative results also showed enhanced learning activeness, computational thinking, and creativity, particularly during the Nambahi stage. The findings demonstrate that integrating coding and AI supports interactive, adaptive, and meaningful learning experiences while strengthening conceptual understanding and participation. This study suggests that the Tri-N–based coding–AI learning design is a strategic alternative for supporting the Merdeka Curriculum and improving technological literacy in elementary schools.

The Influence of Liquidity Capital Adequacy and Asset Quality on Financial Performance of People's Economy Banks in the Bogor Region from 2019 to 2023

Minar Pardede, Acu Kusnandar, Deni Hamdani — Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital adequacy, liquidity, and asset quality on financial performance at Bank ABC during the period 2019–2023. Financial performance is measured using the Return on Assets (ROA) indicator as a representation of bank profitability. The independent variables in this study consist of the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as an indicator of capital adequacy, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) as an indicator of liquidity, and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) as an indicator of asset quality. The method used in this study is quantitative with a descriptive and verification approach. The data used are secondary data obtained from Bank Perkreditan Rakyat financial statements for five years, and data analysis uses multiple linear regression with the help of statistical software (SPSS). The results of the study show that, both partially and simultaneously, capital adequacy, liquidity, and asset quality have a significant effect on Bank ABC's financial performance. This finding indicates that managing these factors is very important to maintain and increase bank profitability.

Validity And Reliability Of Parents' Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Hearing Impairment In Children Questionnaire Adaptation In Bahasa Indonesia

Annisa Nurul Khakimah, Dewi Pratiwi, Novi Primadewi — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hearing impairment in children is a health issue that significantly affects communication abilities and social development. The role of parents is crucial in the early detection and intervention process, which is influenced by the level of knowledge and attitude toward the child’s condition. The research aim to evaluate the validity and reliability parents' knowledge and attitudes toward hearing impairment in children questionnaire adaptation in bahasa indonesia. In the context of the Deaf Family Solo Raya (DFSR) community. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 30 parents who are members of the DFSR community. The instrument used was a questionnaire adapted from the 2007 Position Statement and studies by Kaspar et al. and Alsudays et al., comprising 25 items on knowledge and 6 items on attitude. Validity was tested using Pearson correlation, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha. The relationship between variables was analyzed using Pearson correlation with the assistance of SPSS version 26. All items on the knowledge and attitude variables were declared valid (p < 0.05) and reliable, with Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.963 (knowledge) and 0.761 (attitude). A significant positive correlation was found between parental knowledge and attitudes toward childhood hearing loss (r = 0.761; p = 0.000). A high level of knowledge is closely associated with a positive attitude in addressing childhood hearing loss. This study recommends the importance of community-based educational and parental empowerment programs to support optimal early detection and intervention.

The Imposition of Article 22 Income Tax on E-Commerce Sellers Based on PMK 37/2025 and Legal Certainty in the Collection of Electronic Transaction Taxes in Indonesia

Nancy Patricia Tasman, Yenny Yuniawaty — Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The development of e-commerce encourages MSMEs to expand the market, but it poses challenges in tax collection. Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 37 of 2025 concerning MSME Digital Tax (Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 37 Tahun 2025 tentang Pajak Digital UMKM) stipulates marketplaces as collectors of Income Tax Article 22 to improve fiscal compliance and administrative efficiency, especially for e-commerce sellers. Although this automatic collection mechanism has the potential to facilitate tax collection, its implementation faces obstacles such as limited system integration, incomplete technical guidelines, and diverse MSME readiness. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative and conceptual approach. The nature of the research is descriptive-analytical with a focus on the collection of Article 22 Income Tax reviewed from the perspective of legal certainty. The results of the study show that the mechanism for collecting Article 22 Income Tax through the marketplace has not fully provided legal certainty, because there is still uncertainty regarding the total tax liability, the authority to collect it, and the deposit procedure. In the collection of Article 22 Income Tax by the marketplace, the Government needs to integrate data comprehensively, develop clear technical guidelines, and educate MSMEs so that tax collection is more fair, effective, and proportionate.

Histochemical Testing and Microscopic Structure of Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (Memaye) as a Medicinal Plant of the Besemah Tribe for Anti-infective and Degenerative Purposes in Lahat, South Sumatra

Nina Tanzerina, Muti Elyani, Nita Aminasih, Endri Junaidi, Harmida Harmida — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Leea indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (Memaye) is traditionally used by the Besemah Tribe in Lahat, South Sumatra, as a medicinal plant to treat infectious and degenerative diseases, including hepatitis, liver disorders, and warts. The utilization of this plant as an herbal remedy requires comprehensive information on its microscopic characteristics and secondary metabolite content. This research aimed to determine the classes of secondary metabolite compounds with anti-infective and anti-degenerative potential and their distribution in the vegetative organs of L. indica through histochemical testing, as well as to identify specific diagnostic fragments from microscopic observation of simplicia powder and stem maceration preparations. Histochemical tests were performed on fresh cross-sections of leaves, stems, and roots using specific reagents: Wagner's reagent for alkaloids (reddish-brown positive), 10% NaOH for flavonoids (yellow), 5% copper acetate for terpenoids (yellow to brownish), 10% FeCl₃ for phenols (greenish-black), and Lugol's iodine for tannins (black or purple). Microscopic observations were conducted on chloral hydrate-mounted simplicia powder and safranin-stained maceration preparations. Results showed that alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and phenols were distributed in all vegetative organs, while flavonoids were detected exclusively in leaves. Diagnostic fragments, including various crystal types (raphide, druse, rosette), trichomes (glandular, non-glandular, scale, and septate), and vascular elements (tracheae, tracheids, fibers, and xylem parenchyma), were identified across leaves, stems, and roots. Notably, scale trichomes and septate trichomes with basal sacs serve as specific diagnostic fragments for L. indica, providing reliable authentication markers for quality control in medicinal applications and future research.

Factors in Improving the Safety of Railway Level Crossing Infrastructure in Indonesia

Kresna Bayu Mahaputera, Jojok Widodo Soetjipto, Erno Widayanto — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Railway level crossings in Indonesia remain significant accident-prone areas, contributing to nearly 70% of total railway incidents. Various solutions have been implemented to reduce the risk of accidents at level crossings, including converting them into non-level crossings. However, selecting the most appropriate infrastructure alternative is often challenging because it involves multiple factors, making the process time-consuming and prone to conflict. This study aims to identify and rank the factors influencing improvements in level crossing infrastructure safety using a descriptive-analytical approach. Five main criteria are established in this study—safety, technical, economic, environmental, and social—which are further divided into several relevant sub-criteria based on previous literature. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to nine expert respondents from government agencies, railway operators, and consulting firms. The results show that accident history, structural durability, maintenance costs, sustainable drainage, and traffic impacts are the most prioritized factors. These findings highlight the need for a quantitative, holistic, and multidimensional approach to decision-making, considering the high level of complexity and potential conflicts of interest among stakeholders. This research provides a foundation for formulating more objective and sustainable policies in designing future alternatives for non-level crossing infrastructure.

Metagenomics as a Diagnostic Method for Identifying Microbiota Profiles in Diarrhea Cases

Rahmat Apipi, Linda Erlina — Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Diarrhea remains a major global health issue and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in children. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota are strongly associated with the occurrence of diarrhea, particularly due to infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Conventional diagnostic techniques, such as culture, still have limitations in detecting diverse and unculturable microbes. Metagenomics offers a comprehensive diagnostic solution by analyzing the entire genetic material directly from stool samples using sequencing-based approaches. This review discusses two metagenomic strategies—16S rRNA sequencing and whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing—based on studies conducted in India and Peru. The 16S rRNA approach enables the identification of bacterial community structure and dysbiosis in diarrhea cases, while shotgun metagenomics provides higher resolution for detecting pathogenic species, including Campylobacter spp., and co-infections that are often missed by standard methods. Both techniques demonstrate significant advantages in detecting microbiota diversity, identifying novel pathogens, and uncovering antimicrobial resistance profiles. Therefore, metagenomics represents a promising diagnostic tool for improving the accuracy of diarrhea detection and supporting public health interventions in endemic regions.

Assessing the Challenges and Benefits of Electric Truck Adoption in Truck Logistics: A Case Study of Truck Logistics Companies in Indonesia

Otari Akenzi — Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the challenges and benefits of electric truck adoption in Indonesia’s truck logistics sector through a case study of PT Seino Indomobil Logistics. Employing a qualitative research approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with senior management, including the Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Head of Field Operations, and Head of Vehicle Management. The analysis utilized the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, complemented by PESTEL and SWOT analyses, to provide a comprehensive understanding of adoption dynamics. The findings reveal that electric trucks offer substantial benefits, including reduced operational costs through lower fuel and maintenance expenses, enhanced environmental sustainability, improved customer value for ESG-committed clients, and greater operational predictability. However, adoption is constrained by critical challenges: limited charging infrastructure, high upfront capital costs, operational complexity in fleet integration, technical uncertainties regarding battery lifecycle, and an unsupportive policy environment characterized by diesel fuel subsidies and minimal incentives for electric vehicles. The study demonstrates that successful adoption requires strategic alignment across technological readiness, organizational capabilities, and external environmental conditions. Recommendations include implementing phased pilot projects on suitable routes, developing depot-based charging infrastructure, positioning electric trucks as customer-specific green logistics offerings, employing rigorous total cost of ownership analysis, building organizational capabilities through training, and engaging in policy advocacy. This research contributes actionable insights for logistics companies, policymakers, and industry stakeholders navigating the transition toward sustainable freight transportation in emerging markets.