Analysis of the Influence of Heavy Vehicles on Air Quality in the Transportation System Freight Transport
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The transportation sector, particularly heavy diesel-fueled vehicles, is one of the major contributors to air pollution due to exhaust emissions. The implementation of B50 Biodiesel as part of the national energy transition policy is expected to reduce vehicle emissions and improve air quality. This study aims to analyze the influence of heavy vehicles on air quality based on variations in vehicle weight and mileage, compare emission levels between vehicles using B50 Biodiesel and non-B50 Biodiesel fuels, and project the potential reduction of air pollution in freight transportation systems. The study employed a quantitative approach using experimental and comparative methods involving diesel vehicles weighing 8.5 tons, 8.6 tons, 25 tons, and 26 tons, which were tested over distances ranging from 5,000 km to 40,000 km. Data analysis was conducted using linear regression, independent samples t-test, descriptive analysis, and emission trend projection. The results showed that vehicle weight and mileage significantly affected opacity emissions, with a coefficient of determination of 51.8%. Furthermore, the use of B50 Biodiesel resulted in lower opacity emissions compared with non-B50 fuels and demonstrated the potential to reduce air pollution by up to 34%. Therefore, the implementation of B50 Biodiesel can serve as an effective policy alternative to support sustainable transportation and improve air quality.
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