A Study of the Relationship Between the Liquid Limit and the Shear Angle of Fully Softened Clay with Residual Clay in Problematic Clay Formation in Tulungagung Regency
Downloads
The distribution of problematic clay rocks, or called clay shale or stiff oc (overconsolidated clay), in Indonesia is not widely known or understood by the public or construction actors regarding the potential of the nature of these rocks. Problematic clay stone is a type of clay rock that has significant shrinkage properties, especially if exposed to water and cut loss of overburden pressure. These properties can cause geotechnical problems such as soil shifts and damage to the building structures that are on them. The target of the study was to identify the values of fully softened and residual shear strength, the researcher also examined the correlation of the liquid limit in these soil types. Testing is carried out by consolidation normally. The data taken by the researcher is problematic clay soils in Tulungagung Regency, which shows a pattern of shear stress curve to normal stress similar to that of Bearpaw Shale soil, which is nonlinear in fully softened conditions and more linear in residual conditions. The results of the study show that the characteristics of problematic clay are included in the category of high plasticity clay and have high sensitivity to changes in moisture content. The relatively high development potential results of the Free Swell Index (FSI) test showed 65% and based on the classification of development potential, this value was included in the medium to high category.
Abdila, S. R., Abdullah, M. M. A. B., Ahmad, R., Rahim, S. Z. A., Rychta, M., Wnuk, I., Nabiałek, M., Muskalski, K., Tahir, M. F. M., Syafwandi, Isradi, M., & Gucwa, M. (2021). Evaluation On The Mechanical Properties Of Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) And Fly Ash Stabilized Soil Zia Geopolymer Process. Materials, 14(11), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112833
Bardanis, M. (2024). Direct Shear Testing of Various Hard Soils and Weak Rocks from Greece. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 42(5), 3231–3250.
Chu, J., & Wanatowski, D. (2008). Instability Conditions of Loose Sand in Plane Strain. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 134(1), 136–142.
Das, B. M. (2019). Advanced Soil Mechanics. CRC press.
Duong, N. T., & Suzuki, M. (2022). Rate Effects on Peak and Residual Strengths of Overconsolidated Clay in Ring Shear Tests. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 66(1), 298–309.
Einav, I. (2007). Soil Mechanics: Breaking Ground. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 365(1861), 2985–3002.
Erlangga, E., Sadono, K. W., & Putranto, T. T. (2024). Analisa Perbandingan Penurunan Awal Bendungan Tipe Material Timbunan Urugan Batu dan Urugan Tanah (Studi Kasus Bendungan Digoel-Papua): Comparative Analysis of the Initial Decline of Dam Material Type of Stone Urugan Embankment and Soil Urugan (Digoel Dam. Bentang: Jurnal Teoritis Dan Terapan Bidang Rekayasa Sipil, 12(1), 83–96.
Fanni, R., Reid, D., & Fourie, A. (2024). Effect of Principal Stress Direction on The Instability of Sand Under the Constant Shear Drained Stress Path. Géotechnique, 74(9), 875–891.
Fitri, S. N., Surjandari, N. S., & As’Ad, S. (2023). A systematic review of clay shale research development for slope construction. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, 32.
Hardiyatmo, H. C. (2011). Perancangan Perkerasan Jalan dan Penyelidikan Tanah. Gajah Mada University Press.
Hardiyatmo, H. C. (2019). Road Pavement Design and Soil Investigation. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Hoang, N.-D., & Bui, D. T. (2018). Predicting Earthquake-Induced Soil Liquefaction Based on a Hybridization of Kernel Fisher Discriminant Analysis and a Least Squares Support Vector Machine: a Multi-Dataset Study. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 77, 191–204.
Khusna, N. I., Bachri, S., Astina, I. K., & Aristin, N. F. (2023). Spatial and ecological approach on marble mining land in tulungagung regency-Indonesia: is it suitable as an assessment of disaster mitigation efforts? The Indonesian Journal of Geography, 55(1), 30–40.
Kırım, G., & Cebeci, A. (2020). Investigation of Shear Strength of Prefailed Overconsolidated Clayey Slopes by Fast Shearing. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(2), 340–361.
Lian, B., Wang, X., Peng, J., & Huang, Q. (2020). Shear Rate Effect on the Residual Strength Characteristics of Saturated Loess in Naturally Drained Ring Shear Tests. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 20(10), 2843–2856.
Miao, H., & Wang, G. (2022). Shear Rate Effect on the Residual Strength of Saturated Clayey and Granular Soils under Low-to High-Rate Continuous Shearing. Engineering Geology, 308, 106821.
Raj Bhat, D. (2022). Shear Rate Effect on Residual Strength of Typical Clay Soils. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 7(1), 36.
Rizki Abdila, S., Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, M., Faheem Mohd Tahir, M., Ahmad, R., Syafwandi, & Isradi, M. (2020). Characterization of Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Slag for Soil Stabilization Application Using Geopolymerization Method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 864(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/864/1/012013
Sadono, K. W., Pamungkas, G., Eko Suprapto, R., & Supratama, T. (2017). Analisis Geologi Teknik Pada Kegagalan Bendung Cipamingkis, Bogor, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Kebumian Ke, 10.
Stark, T. D., & Hussain, M. (2013). Empirical Correlations: Drained Shear Strength for Slope Stability Analyses. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 139(6), 853–862.
Sudrajat, K. M., Nuraini, A., Isradi, M., Prasetijo, J., & Hamid, A. (2023). Effect of Fly Ash Addition in West Jakarta Cengkareng Area Soil on CBR Value. 08(09), 2795–2800. https://doi.org/10.47191/etj/v8i9.11
Tiwari, B., & Ajmera, B. (2011). A New Correlation Relating the Shear Strength of Reconstituted Soil to the Proportions of Clay Minerals and Plasticity Characteristics. Applied Clay Science, 53(1), 48–57.
Wang, L., Han, J., Liu, S., & Yin, X. (2020). Variation in Shearing Rate Effect on Residual Strength of Slip Zone Soils Due to Test Conditions. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 38(3), 2773–2785.
Wu, S., Lok, T., Xu, Y., Wang, W., & Wu, B. (2021). Rate-Dependent Behavior of a Saturated Reconstituted Clay under Different Over-Consolidation Ratios and Sample Variance. Acta Geotechnica, 16(11), 3425–3438.
Xu, C., Wang, X., Lu, X., Dai, F., & Jiao, S. (2018). Experimental Study of Residual Strength and the Index of Shear Strength Characteristics of Clay Soil. Engineering Geology, 233, 183–190.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kukuh Mahi Sudrajat, Sri Prabandiyani Retno Wardani, Kresno Wikan Sadono
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
