Comparative Analysis of Indonesia's Land and Sea Border Vulnerabilities: Immigration Law Enforcement Study in 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i11.52427Keywords:
Border insecurity, immigration, national security, land border, sea borderAbstract
violations by foreign nationals, especially in land and sea border areas, poses a threat that is both administrative and criminal in nature. This study aims to identify patterns of immigration violations based on the nationality of the perpetrator, the location of the violation, and the articles of law violated at the land and sea borders, as well as to examine the implications for the national legal system. The method used is comparative analysis based on secondary data of violation cases in 2024. The results show 714 cases, with a dominance of serious violations such as abuse of residence permits and falsification of documents. The countries of origin of most violators are China, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea. Law enforcement carried out against violators reflects the practice of crimmigration, namely the convergence of criminal and immigration law. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening immigration control at the border as part of efforts to build national resilience in facing the threat of illegal migration and transnational crime.
References
ANDERSON, David, BELCINEANU, Alexandru Ioan, & TZVETKOVA, Marina. (2025). AI for Border Management and Customs Controls.
Armenta, Amada. (2017). Protect, serve, and deport: The rise of policing as immigration enforcement. University of California Press.
Armenta, Amada, & Alvarez, Isabela. (2017). Policing immigrants or policing immigration? Understanding local law enforcement participation in immigration control. Sociology Compass, 11(2), e12453.
Chambers, Peter. (2015). The embrace of border security: Maritime jurisdiction, national sovereignty, and the geopolitics of operation sovereign borders. Geopolitics, 20(2), 404–437.
Chen, Ming H. (2016). Trust in immigration enforcement: State noncooperation and sanctuary cities after Secure Communities. Chi.-Kent L. Rev., 91, 13.
Damayanti, D. Damayanti. (2023). Law Indigenous Peoples Confronting International Fraud and Mafia Cases on the Large Displacement of Rohingya Refugees to Indonesia Aberrant Behavior Violation of Indonesian Law by Rohingya Refugees Causing Societal Harm and Economic Loss.
Gana, Idrees, Adamu, Ogaji, & Zakariya’u, Muhammad. (2023). Transnational security threats and border management: A study of cross-border crime challenges at the Nigeria-Niger border. African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies, 16(2), 748–761.
Igwe, Dickson Ogbonnaya. (2023). Inter-Agency Collaboration against Transnational Crime and Law Enforcement within Seme Badagry Border Migration Corridor Example. ESUT Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1).
Maharjan, Amina, Del Valle, Angel, Erulkar, Annabel, Mishra, Arabinda, Steidl, Catherine, Singh, Chandni, Sharma, Deepshikha, Riosmena, Fernando, Pinillos, Gabriela, & Abel, Guy. (2024). The Migration Intersections Grid: An Organizing Framework for Migration Research in and through the Twenty-first Century. International Migration Review, 58(4), 1937–1973.
Maila, Thato L. (2025). Unveiling spatial planning challenges and obstacles in border regions: qualitative systematic literature review. Planning Practice & Research, 40(3), 560–575.
Marin, Luisa. (2020). The cooperation between frontex and third countries in information sharing: practices, law and challenges in externalizing border control functions. Eur. Pub. L., 26, 157.
Morf, Andrea, Moodie, John, Cedergren, Elin, Eliasen, Søren Qvist, Gee, Kira, Kull, Michael, Mahadeo, Sarah, Husa, Stefan, & Vološina, Margarita. (2022). Challenges and enablers to integrate land-sea-interactions in cross-border marine and coastal planning: experiences from the pan baltic scope collaboration. Planning Practice & Research, 37(3), 333–354.
Muñiz, Ana. (2022). Borderland circuitry: Immigration surveillance in the United States and beyond. Univ of California Press.
Phalkey, Revati K., Yamamoto, Shelby, Awate, Pradip, & Marx, Michael. (2015). Challenges with the implementation of an Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system: systematic review of the lessons learned. Health Policy and Planning, 30(1), 131–143.
Prokkola, Eeva Kaisa. (2019). Border-regional resilience in EU internal and external border areas in Finland. European Planning Studies, 27(8), 1587–1606.
Purwanto, Harry, & Mangku, D. G. (2016). Legal Instrument of the Republic of Indonesia on Border Management Using the Perspective of Archipelagic State. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 11(4), 51–59.
Sinha, Riya. (2021). Linking Land Borders: India’s Integrated Check Posts. Centre for Social and Economic Progress.
Tyler, Tom R., Goff, Phillip Atiba, & MacCoun, Robert J. (2015). The impact of psychological science on policing in the United States: Procedural justice, legitimacy, and effective law enforcement. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16(3), 75–109.
Usman, Muhammad, Khan, Asif, & Amjad, Sohail. (2021). Implications of transnational crime on maritime jurisdiction and enforcement. International Review of Social Sciences, 9(04), 456–462.
Widodo, Pujo, Rachma, Elfina Ainnur, & Prananda, Adhitya. (2019). Indonesian Government’s Strategy for Safeguarding Territorial Integrity in Indonesian and the Philippines Sea Border:(Case study: Violation of the Marine Security Law of in Northern Sulawesi). 2019 IEEE 6th Asian Conference on Defence Technology (ACDT), 115–121. IEEE.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tison Horison Haloho, Stanislaus Riyanta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
