The Influence of Performance Evaluation Satisfaction, Salary Satisfaction, and Supervisor Support on Employee Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i7.1535Keywords:
Turnover Intention, Performance Appraisal Satisfaction, Salary Satisfaction, Supervisor Support, Job AttachmentAbstract
This study investigates the impact of performance appraisal satisfaction, salary satisfaction, and supervisor support on employee turnover intention, with job attachment acting as a mediating variable. Turnover intention refers to the likelihood of employees leaving their current job, which can significantly affect organizational productivity and incur high costs. The research focuses on employees in the food processing industry in Sukoharjo Regency. Using a quantitative survey and cross-sectional method, data were collected from 300 employees through questionnaires and analyzed using Smart PLS 3.2.9 software. The results indicate that performance appraisal satisfaction, salary satisfaction, and supervisor support positively affect job attachment, which in turn negatively influences turnover intention. Job attachment mediates the relationship between performance appraisal satisfaction, salary satisfaction, and supervisor support on turnover intention. These findings contribute to the literature on human resource management and provide practical insights for organizations to enhance employee retention by fostering job attachment through fair performance appraisals, adequate salary, and strong supervisor support.
References
Ajayi, O. M., Odusanya, K., & Morton, S. (2017). Stimulating employee ambidexterity and employee engagement in SMEs. Management Decision, 55(4), 662–680. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2016-0107
Akgunduz, Y., & Eryilmaz, G. (2018). Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 68, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.09.010
Bakker, A. B., & Albrecht, S. (2018). Work engagement: current trends. Career Development International, 23(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-11-2017-0207
Bakker, A. B., van Veldhoven, M., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2010). Beyond the Demand-Control Model. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000006
Belete, A. (2018). Turnover Intention Influencing Factors of Employees: An Empirical Work Review. In International Journal of Research in Business Studies and Management (Vol. 5, Issue 7).
Blau, P. M. (2017). Exchange and Power in Social Life. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203792643
Burke, M. J., Borucki, C. C., & Hurley, A. E. (1992). Reconceptualizing psychological climate in a retail service environment: A multiple-stakeholder perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(5), 717–729. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.77.5.717
Choi, B. K., Moon, H. K., Nae, E. Y., & Ko, W. (2013). Distributive justice, job stress, and turnover intention: Cross-level effects of empowerment climate in work groups. Journal of Management & Organization, 19(3), 279–296. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2013.35
Cropanzano, R., Anthony, E. L., Daniels, S. R., & Hall, A. V. (2017). Social exchange theory: A critical review with theoretical remedies. In Academy of Management Annals (Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp. 479–516). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2015.0099
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Eisenberger, R., & Stinglhamber, F. (2011). Perceived organizational support: Fostering enthusiastic and productive employees. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12318-000
Garg, S., & Dhar, R. (2017). Employee service innovative behavior. International Journal of Manpower, 38(2), 242–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-04-2015-0060
Giles, W. F., & Mossholder, K. W. (1990). Employee reactions to contextual and session components of performance appraisal. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(4), 371–377. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.75.4.371
Gozukara, I., Hatipoglu, Z., & Oncel Gunes, O. (2017). The Impact of Perceived Leadership Style on Performance Appraisal Satisfaction and Organizational Diagnosis in terms of Turnover Intention. International Journal of Business and Management, 12(9), 104. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n9p104
Gruman, J. A., & Saks, A. M. (2011). Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 21(2), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.004
Gupta, V., & Kumar, S. (2012). Impact of performance appraisal justice on employee engagement: a study of Indian professionals. Employee Relations, 35(1), 61–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425451311279410
Heneman, H. G., & Schwab, D. P. (1985). PAY SATISFACTION: ITS MULTIDIMENSIONAL NATURE AND MEASUREMENT. International Journal of Psychology, 20(1), 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207598508247727
Ismail, H. N., & Gali, N. (2017). Relationships among performance appraisal satisfaction, work–family conflict and job stress. Journal of Management & Organization, 23(3), 356–372. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2016.15
J., A. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(3), 308–323. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2013-0008
Juhdi, N., Pa’wan, F., & Hansaram, R. M. K. (2013). HR practices and turnover intention: the mediating roles of organizational commitment and organizational engagement in a selected region in Malaysia. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(15), 3002–3019. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.763841
Jung, H. S., & Yoon, H. H. (2013). The effects of organizational service orientation on person-organization fit and turnover intent. Service Industries Journal, 33(1), 7–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2011.596932
Karatepe, O. M. (2011). Procedural Justice, Work Engagement, and Job Outcomes: Evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(8), 855–878. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2011.577688
Kottke, J. L., & Sharafinski, C. E. (1988). Measuring Perceived Supervisory and Organizational Support. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 48(4), 1075–1079. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164488484024
Kulikowski, K., & Sedlak, P. (2020). Can you buy work engagement? The relationship between pay, fringe benefits, financial bonuses and work engagement. Current Psychology, 39(1), 343–353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9768-4
Kumar, M., & Jauhari, H. (2016). Employee participation and turnover intention. Journal of Workplace Learning, 28(8), 496–509. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-05-2016-0047
Lazzari, M., Alvarez, J. M., & Ruggieri, S. (2022). Predicting and explaining employee turnover intention. International Journal of Data Science and Analytics, 14(3), 279–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41060-022-00329-w
Mani, B. G. (2002). Performance Appraisal Systems, Productivity, and Motivation: A Case Study. Public Personnel Management, 31(2), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600203100202
Memon, M. A., Salleh, R., Mirza, M. Z., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., & Ahmad, M. S. (2020). Performance appraisal satisfaction and turnover intention: The mediating role of work engagement. Management Decision, 58(6), 1053–1066. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-06-2018-0685
Memon, M. A., Salleh, R., Mirza, M. Z., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., Ahmad, M. S., & Tariq, A. (2021). Satisfaction matters: the relationships between HRM practices, work engagement and turnover intention. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 21–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-04-2018-0127
Miller, J. S. (2001). SELF-MONITORING AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL SATISFACTION: AN EXPLORATORY FIELD STUDY. In Human Resource Management (Vol. 40, Issue 4).
Mohamed Aly, N. A. E.-F., & El-Shanawany, S. M. (2016). The Influence Of Performance Appraisal Satisfaction On Nurses’ Motivation And Their Work Outcomes In Critical Care And Toxicology Units. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 12(20), 119. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n20p119
Mohsin, A., Lengler, J., & Kumar, B. (2013). Exploring the antecedents of intentions to leave the job: The case of luxury hotel staff. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.05.002
Newman, D. A., & Harrison, D. A. (2008). Been There, Bottled That: Are State and Behavioral Work Engagement New and Useful Construct “Wines”? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.00003.x
Nitzl, C., Roldan, J. L., & Cepeda, G. (2016). Mediation analysis in partial least squares path modeling. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(9), 1849–1864. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-07-2015-0302
Nyberg, A. (2010). Retaining your high performers: Moderators of the performance–job satisfaction–voluntary turnover relationship. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(3), 440–453. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018869
Pattnaik, S. C., & Panda, N. (2020). Supervisor support, work engagement and turnover intentions: evidence from Indian call centres. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 14(5), 621–635. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-08-2019-0261
Podsakoff, N. P., LePine, J. A., & LePine, M. A. (2007). Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(2), 438–454. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.438
Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617–635. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.51468988
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169
Saratun, M. (2016). Performance management to enhance employee engagement for corporate sustainability. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 8(1), 84–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-07-2015-0064
Schaubroeck, J., Cotton, J. L., & Jennings, K. R. (1989). Antecedents and consequences of role stress: A covariance structure analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 35–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030100104
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471
Schaufeli, W. B., & Taris, T. W. (2014). A Critical Review of the Job Demands-Resources Model: Implications for Improving Work and Health. In Bridging Occupational, Organizational and Public Health (pp. 43–68). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5640-3_4
Singh, P., & Loncar, N. L. (n.d.). Pay Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intent.
Susskind, A. M., Michele Kacmar, K., & Borchgrevink, C. P. (2003). Customer service providers’ attitudes relating to customer service and customer satisfaction in the customer-server exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(1), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.179
Van Dijk, D., & Schodl, M. M. (2015). Performance Appraisal and Evaluation. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 716–721). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.22034-5
Wan, Q., Li, Z., Zhou, W., & Shang, S. (2018). Effects of work environment and job characteristics on the turnover intention of experienced nurses: The mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(6), 1332–1341. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13528
Xanthopoulou, D., Baker, A. B., Heuven, E., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008). Working in the sky: A diary study on work engagement among flight attendants. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(4), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.13.4.345
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Raditriono, Hidajat Hendarsjah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
