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Riwandari Juniasti, Edison Siregar, Fery Tobing. (2022). Analysis of

the Financial Performance of BPR National Sharia Before and During

the Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal Eduvest. Vol 2(8): 1.479-1.486

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Eduvest –Journal of Universal Studies

Volume 2 Number 8, August, 2022

p-ISSN 2775-3735-e-ISSN 2775-3727

ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BPR

NATIONAL SHARIA BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19

PANDEMIC

Riwandari Juniasti, Edison Siregar, Fery Tobing

Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Email: riwandari.juniasti@uki.ac.id, edison72[email protected],

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of Large-

Scale Social Restrictions that occurred in Indonesia resulted in

an economic slowdown. Then the problem that is present in

the banking sector is the difficulty of debtors in fulfilling their

financing obligations. The purpose of this study is to

analyzethe differences in the performance of the National

Sharia BPR before the covid 19 pandemic and during

the covid 19 pandemic for the period June 2018 -September

2021. In this study, performance was measured by the asset

return ratio (ROA), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), ratio of non-

performing financing (NPF), operating expenses to operating

income (BOPO), and the ratio of financing to deposit (FDR).

The research is included in quantitative research with a

comparative type. The data used is secondary data in the

form of the financial statements of the National Sharia

BPR obtained from www.ojk.co.id. Data analysis in this study

used paired sample t-test analysis with the help of the SPSS

version 25 program. The results showed that only CAR and

NPF had significant differences before and during the COVID-

19 pandemic. While ROA, BOPO, and FDR had no significant

differences. before and during the covid 19 pandemic.

KEYWORDS

National Sharia BPR, ROA, CAR, BOPO, NPF, FDR

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

 
 
Riwandari Juniasti, Edison Siregar, Fery Tobing 
Analysis of the Financial Performance of BPR National Sharia Before and During the 
Covid-19 Pandemic    1.480 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
In 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the corona virus 
(covid 19) as a pandemic on March 9, 2020. This was caused by an infectious virus that 
spread throughout the world and Indonesia was no exception. In the context of accelerating 
the handling of Corona Virus Disease 19 (covid 19), the Indonesian government issued 
Government  Regulation  Number  21  of  2020,  namely  Large-Scale  Social  Restrictions 
(LSSR). LSSR is a restriction on certain activities of residents in an area suspected of being 
infected with Corona Virus Disease 19 (covid 19) in such a way as to prevent the possible 
spread of covid 19. Due to the pandemic and the regulations imposed, the impact felt not 
only  on  health  but  also  resulted  in  a  global  economic  slowdown.  global.  One  of  the 
companies affected by this  is the bank.  The  economic slowdown  caused  disruption  to 
banking operations, especially profits. 
Bank is an institution that acts as a financial intermediary (financial intermediary) 
between parties who have funds (surplus units) and parties who need funds (deficit units) 
as well as institutions that function to facilitate the flow of payment traffic. trust institutions, 
in line with the characteristics of their business,  the bank is a business segment  whose 
activities are largely regulated by the government (Devi et al., 2020). In Indonesia, one of 
the banks that plays a major role in the economic activities of the community and small 
businesses is BPR Syariah, this is because BPR has a strategic position in supporting small 
and  micro businesses through financing facilities. BPR Syariah also has a goal to serve 
people with less economic conditions and small business owners, both in rural and urban 
areas that are generally not touched by commercial banks (Kartiko & Rachmi, 2021; Mus & 
Djamereng, 2021; Wardhani & Ismunawan, 2021). 
The  activities  of  BPRs are much narrower  than those  of  commercial banks,  and 
BPR's activities only cover fundraising and disbursing funds. As well as the establishment 
of  rural  banks  with  relatively  small  initial  capital  compared  to  the  initial  capital  of 
commercial  banks.  In  encouraging  company  profitability,  the  level  of  business 
performance of BPRs may not necessarily increase quickly, because BPRs may experience 
a slowdown in financing growth (Inda, 2021; Niu & Wokas, 2021; Permana & Mulyati, 
2021; Sullivan & Widoatmodjo, 2021). Not to mention the social restrictions that occurred 
during the pandemic in Indonesia, the problem that is present in the banking sector is the 
difficulty of debtors in fulfilling their financing obligations. Bad financing has a big impact 
on bank investment. A high return on assets (ROA) illustrates that a bank has a large capital 
adequacy ratio (CAR). Banks should be able to meet their capital adequacy to ensure that 
they will avoid risks that may arise in the implementation of business activities (Aswini et 
al., 2021; Fathony et al., 2021; Hellen et al., 2019) 
The main factor that is considered by banks to survive is the assessment related to 
the  soundness  of  the  bank  through  financial  performance.  Good  performance  is 
characterized  by  high  profitability,  while  poor  performance  is  associated  with  losses 
incurred by the company. Financial performance is useful for evaluating past performance 
by conducting various analyses, to obtain a company's financial position that represents the 
reality  of  the  company.  Financial  performance  can  show  something  related  to  the 
company's strengths and weaknesses. These strengths are understood so that they can be 
used to support the company's success, while weaknesses must be known so that corrective 
steps can be taken (Alamsyah & Meylida, 2021; Esomar & Christianty, 2021) 
In a previous study conducted by (Surya & Asiyah, 2020) examining the impact of 
the COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of Islamic banking, it was found 
that there were differences in Islamic financial performance in terms of ROA, NPF, and 

Eduvest –Journal of Universal Studies

Volume 2 Number 8, August 2022

1.481 http://eduvest.greenvest.co.id

BOPO, while from the CAR and ROE aspects, there was no difference. significant. Further

research by (Rolianah & Sari, 2021) found that the ROA and NPF values did not have a

significant difference while the FDR and BOPO ratios had a significant difference between

before and during the covid 19 pandemic at Islamic People's Financing Banks. The research

of (Kadir & Rahman, 2021) found that the overall impact of covid 19 on the financial

performance of Islamic BPR in Indonesia had a significant effect on the NPF and FDR

variables. However, the CAR and ROA variables have no significant effect or there is no

significant difference before and after the COVID-19 case.

From the results of previous studies regarding the impact of covid 19 on bank

financial performance, there are still differences in results (gap research), such as several

financial performance indicators that obtained significant results between before and

during the covid 19 pandemic. On this basis, researchers are interested in conducting

research, namely “Analysis of the Financial Performance of National Sharia BPR Before

and During the Covid 19 Pandemic” with indicators financial performance using ROA,

CAR, BOPO, NPF, and FDR.

Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) implemented by the government in the

context of accelerating the handling of Corona Virus Disease 19 (covid 19) have an impact

on an economic slowdown as experienced by banks where debtors have difficulty fulfilling

their financing obligations. Bad financing have a big impact on bank investment, so this

attracts researchers to analyze the performance of National Sharia BPRs using the ROA,

CAR, BOPO, NPF, and FDR ratios before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the

COVID-19 pandemic.

RESEARCH METHOD

This research method includes a comparative study, because it compares the

performance of the National Sharia BPR before the covid 19 pandemic and during the covid

19 pandemic. There are five dependent variables in this study, namely (ROA, CAR, BOPO,

NPF, and FDR), and covid 19 as independent variable. This type of data collection uses

secondary data in the form of financial ratios of the National Sharia BPR sourced from

www.ojk.co.id. The data analysis method used in this study is paired sample t-test analysis

with the help of SPSS version 25. program.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Research Result

Table 1. Results of Descriptive Statistics of ROA

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Pair 1

before pandemic

3.9136

5.32538

1.60566

after pandemic

2.2818

.33923

.10228

Based on the data in Table 1, the results of descriptive statistics show that the average

ROA before the COVID-19 pandemic was 3.91% and the average ROA during the COVID-

19 pandemic was 2.28%. This value shows that the ability of the National Sharia BPR to

generate a better return on assets used before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 2. ROA . Difference Test Results

Riwandari Juniasti, Edison Siregar, Fery Tobing

Analysis of the Financial Performance of BPR National Sharia Before and During the

Covid-19 Pandemic 1.482

Based on the data in Table 2. the results of the different test (Test Value paired

sample t-test) obtained are Sig. (2-tailed) from the comparison of the ROA value before

and during the covid 19 pandemic, it was 0.347. Refers to the basic reference for decision

making, if the value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, then there is a significant difference in ROA.

On the other hand, if the result of Sig. (2-tailed) > 0.05, then there is no significant

difference in ROA. Based on this rationale, it can be concluded that there is no significant

difference in ROA before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 3. Results of CAR Descriptive Statistics

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

Std.

Deviation

Std. Error

Mean

Pair

before

pandemic

19.8200

2.75386

.83032

after

pandemic

23.6473

4.25478

1.28287

Based on the data in Table 3, the results of descriptive statistics show that the average

value of the CAR before the covid 19 pandemic was 19.82% and the average value of the

CAR during the covid 19 pandemic was 23.64%. This value shows that the capital of the

National Sharia BPR is greater during the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic.

This could happen because the owners of the National Sharia BPR made additional capital

to anticipate the impact of the pandemic.

Table 4. Results of CAR . Difference Test

Based on the data in Table 4. the results of the different test (Test Value of paired

sample t-test) were obtained. Sig. (2-tailed) from the comparison of the CAR value before

and during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was 0.036. Refers to the basic reference for decision

making, if the value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, then there is a significant difference in CAR.

On the other hand, if the result of Sig. (2-tailed) > 0.05, then there is no significant

difference in CAR. Based on this rationale, it can be concluded that there are significant

differences in CAR before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 5. Results of BOPO Descriptive Statistics

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

Std.

Deviation

Std. Error

Mean

Pair

before

pandemic

78.7955

25.36181

7.64687

after

pandemic

87.0591

1.69528

.51115

Based on the data in Table 5, the results of descriptive statistics show that the

average BOPO value before the covid 19 pandemic was 78.79% and the average BOPO

value during the covid 19 pandemic was 87.05%. This value shows that the operational

costs of the National Sharia BPR are greater during the COVID-19 pandemic than before

Eduvest –Journal of Universal Studies

Volume 2 Number 8, August 2022

1.483 http://eduvest.greenvest.co.id

the pandemic. This shows that the National Sharia BPR is less efficient during the

pandemic.

Table 6. BOPO Different Test Results

Based on the data in Table 6. the results of the different test (Test Value paired

sample t-test) obtained are Sig. (2-tailed) from the comparison of the BOPO value before

and during the covid 19 pandemic, it was 0.319. Refers to the basic reference for decision

making, if the value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, then there is a significant difference in BOPO.

On the other hand, if the result of Sig. (2-tailed) > 0.05, then there is no significant

difference in BOPO. Based on this rationale, it can be concluded that there is no significant

difference in BOPO before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 7. Results of NPF Descriptive Statistics

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error

Mean

Pair 1

before pandemi

10.9264

2.79219

.84188

on pandemic

8.2155

.63590

.19173

Based on the data in Table 7, the results of descriptive statistics show that the average

NPF value before the covid 19 pandemic was 10.926% and the average NPF value during

the covid 19 pandemic was 8.215%. This value shows that non-performing financing at

National Sharia BPRs were relatively higher before the COVID-19 pandemic, one of which

could be because Sharia BPRs relaxed financing policies before the pandemic.

Table 8. Results of Different NPF Tests

Based on the data in Table 8. the results of the different test (Test Value of paired

sample t-test) were obtained. Sig. (2-tailed) from the comparison of the NPF value before

and during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was 0.012. Refers to the basic reference for decision

making, if the value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, then there is a significant difference in NPF.

On the other hand, if the result of Sig. (2-tailed) > 0.05, then there is no significant

difference in NPF. Based on this rationale, it can be concluded that there are differences in

NPF before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 9. Results of Descriptive Statistics of FDR

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

Std.

Deviation

Std. Error

Mean

Pair

before

pandemic

113.887

10.91196

3.29008

Riwandari Juniasti, Edison Siregar, Fery Tobing

Analysis of the Financial Performance of BPR National Sharia Before and During the

Covid-19 Pandemic 1.484

after

pandemic

113.846

4.53566

1.36755

Based on the data in Table 9, the results of descriptive statistics show that the average

value of FDR before the covid 19 pandemic was 113.88% and the average value of FDR

during the covid 19 pandemic was 113.84%. This value shows that the distribution of

financing and Third Party Funds for National Sharia BPR is relatively the same before the

COVID-19 pandemic and during the pandemic.

Table 10. FDR . Difference Test Results

Based on the data in Table 10, the results of the different test (Test Value of paired

sample t-test) were obtained. Sig. (2-tailed) from the comparison of the FDR value before

and during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was 0.989. Refers to the basic reference for decision

making, if the value of Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, then there is a significant difference in FDR.

On the other hand, if the result of Sig. (2-tailed) > 0.05, then there is no significant

difference in FDR. Based on this rationale, it can be concluded that there is no difference

in FDR before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Discussion of Research Results

Based on the results of the research above, the five research variables have different

results. This study examines whether there are differences in the performance of National

Sharia BPR companies before the pandemic and during the covid 19 pandemic. The data

used are financial statements for the June 2018 period, namely when the pandemic has not

occurred until the September 2021 financial statements when a pandemic occurs. The

company's financial performance is used to measure the financial ratios. There are five

financial ratios used, namely return on assets (ROA), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Non-

Performing Finance (NPF), operating expenses to operating income (BOPO), and

Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR). The results of the five variables, namely in CAR and

NPF, there are significant differences before the covid 19 pandemic and during the covid

19 pandemic. These results support (Candera & Indah, 2020) which states that there are

significant differences in CAR and NPF before and during the pandemic. covid 19.

Furthermore, ROA, FDR, BOPO there are no significant differences before and

during the covid 19 pandemic. These results are in line with (Fitriani, 2020)'s research

which shows that FDR shows that there are no significant differences in banking in

Indonesia before and during the Covid 19 pandemic. these results are not in line with the

results of (Surya & Asiyah, 2020)'s research; where ROA, and BOPO there are differences

between before the pandemic and during the pandemic.

These results explain that the management of the National Sharia BPR needs to

improve financing facilities by making policies that can encourage SME players to use

financing facilities from BPR, as well as providing relaxation of requirements for financing

facilities. This is because the NPF value of BPR has decreased during the pandemic and

the bank's capital capacity (CAR) has increased during the pandemic. This needs to be done

so that BPR Syariah can continue to grow even during the pandemic.

Eduvest –Journal of Universal Studies 
Volume 2 Number 8, August 2022 
1.485    http://eduvest.greenvest.co.id 
CONCLUSION 
 
Based on the paired sample t-test with the help of the SPSS version 25 program, it is 
known that the results of the study show that (1) there is no significant difference in ROA 
before the covid 19 pandemic and during the covid 19 pandemic, (2) there is a significant 
difference in CAR during the COVID-19 pandemic. before the covid 19 pandemic and 
during the covid 19 pandemic, (3) there was no significant difference in BOPO before the 
covid 19 pandemic and during the covid 19 pandemic, (4) there was a difference in NPF 
before  the covid 19  pandemic  and during  the  pandemic covid 19,  and  (5) There is  no 
difference in FDR before the covid 19 pandemic and during the covid 19 pandemic. 
 
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