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Nawir Yuslem, Nurlaila, Yurmaini (2021). Financial Accountability

Dimensions Of Islamic Values At Al Washliyah Higher SCHO.

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Eduvest – Journal of Universal Studies

Volume 1 Number 11, November 2021

p- ISSN 2775-3735 e-ISSN 2775-3727

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY DIMENSIONS OF ISLAMIC VALUES AT AL

WASHLIYAH HIGHER SCHO

Nawir Yuslem, Nurlaila, Yurmaini

Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, State Islamic University of North

Sumatra, Indonesia

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected],

[email protected]

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Received:

November, 26

2021

Revised:

December, 17

2021

Approved:

December, 19

2021

The problem behind this research is that ideally the financial

accountability of Islamic organizations including educational

institutions must uphold Islamic values. But in reality, there are

still many Islamic educational institutions that have not made

Islamic values the basis for managing the financial system. Al

Jam'iyatul Washliyah as a community organization based on

Islamic teachings manages several universities, where financial

management and accountability are required to be based on

Islamic values. The formulation of this research is how financial

accountability has the dimensions of Islamic values at Al

Washliyah College in North Sumatra. This research is a

qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, while

the paradigm used is an interpretive paradigm. Data collection

methods are interviews, observation and documentation. The

data sources of this research are primary and secondary data

sources. Primary data were obtained directly from the results of

interviews with all informants, namely the vice chancellor

II/vice chair II for finance at each Al Washliyah university in

North Sumatra. Data analysis techniques are data collection,

data reduction and drawing conclusions. Techniques to

guarantee data validity are credibility, transferability,

dependability, and confirmability testing. The results of this

study concluded that Islamic values on financial accountability

at Al Washliyah College are the value of siddiq, the value of

tabligh, the value of trust, the value of fatah, the value of

sincerity and the value of deliberation which are used as the

Nawir Yuslem, Nurlaila, Yurmaini

Financial Accountability Dimensions Of Islamic Values At Al Washliyah Higher SCHO

1557

basis for carrying out financial management at the Al

Washliyah College of North Sumatra.

KEYWORDS

Accountability, Finance, Islamic Values

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International

INTRODUCTION

The management of Islamic institutions should ideally be carried out based on the

values contained in the teachings of Islam itself, including the management of educational

institutions. Finance is the most important component in educational institutions

(Pramitha, 2017), so managers of Islamic educational institutions must be able to

guarantee trust for the people in terms of financial management. Accountability requires

the obligation of the holder of the trust (agent) to provide accountability, present, report

and disclose all activities and activities that are their responsibility to the party giving the

trust (principal) who has the right and obligation to ask for such accountability (Sawir,

2017).

The realization of accountability and transparency in managed institutions really

requires good and healthy accounting information (Purwanda & Harahap, 2015).

Accounting in the context of the realization of public accountability and transparency is

understood as a process of identifying, recording, and communicating financial

information of an entity to parties who need information (Nasution, 2018). Accounting

can also be understood as an information system that provides reports to interested parties

regarding economic activities and company conditions (Kurniawati, Nugroho, & Arifin,

2012). The output generated from accounting is financial statements and other financial

information that can be used to assess the performance of an entity (Maith, 2013).

In the context of educational institutions, financial accountability is also a

necessity. The role and function of accountability in education is to provide quantitative

information, especially financial in nature, to be useful in making economic decisions in

educational entities (Sinaga, 2017). Through financial accountability of organizations

(educational institutions), public trust in educational institutions will increase. In

educational institutions, financial accountability is also of course very important in order

to maintain public trust in it (Kusuma, 2012). Article 48 of Law Number 20 of 2003

states that the management of education funds is based on the principles of justice,

efficiency, transparency, and accountability. Besides being mandated by law, educational

institutions that prioritize the principles of accountability and transparency in their

financial management will also gain high trust from the community, and public trust is

one of the main keys for advancing or not an educational institution (Athifah, Bayinah , &

Bahri, 2018). The problem faced is that currently there are still many educational

institutions that have not been able to implement good financial management so that it

has an impact on not creating accountability. There are still many educational institutions

that have not implemented the principles of managing education funds as mandated in

Law Number 20 of 2003.

Cases of financial accountability at universities in Indonesia are also increasing,

Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) found 37 cases of corruption in universities over the

last 10 years. This finding is based on the results of ICW's monitoring conducted in

October 2016. The total state financial losses caused by corrupt practices that occurred at

the university amounted to Rp. 218.804 billion. Meanwhile, on the actor side of the 37

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cases involved at least 65 actors who are the academic community, local government

employees and the private sector. While the perpetrators are mostly employees and

structural officials in faculties and universities, as many as 32 people. The chancellor or

vice chancellor, including the former rector, is the second largest perpetrator with a total

of 13 perpetrators. The rest are 10 private parties, 5 lecturers, 3 Deans and 2 local

government officials.

The occurrence of fraud in the financial management of higher education does

not only occur in public or private universities, but also occurs in Islamic universities.

This has directly tarnished the face of Muslims, a corruption case in the implementation

of the construction of a multipurpose auditorium project at one of the Islamic Universities

in Jambi. The misappropriation of project funds caused state losses of Rp 12.8 billion.

The perpetrators of corruption not only misappropriated state money, but the perpetrators

also fled with 5 friends, all of whom were still on the DPO (wanted list) status. Still with

the same case, namely in the financial case, corruption also occurred in one of the State

Islamic Universities in North Sumatra. The data obtained shows that there has been

corruption in the case of the construction of an integrated lecture building that has cost

the state Rp. 10 billion. In this case, the contract value for the construction of an

integrated lecture building for the 2018 Fiscal Year is IDR 44,973,352,461, The

construction of the building was then stalled and potentially detrimental to state finances

according to the results of the audit of state losses, which amounted to Rp.

10,350,091,337.98.

The Islamic accounting perspective emphasizes that financial accountability is

important and must be done by applying sharia principles (Nurjannah, 2018). Islamic

accounting that produces Islamic financial reports is not only a form of management

accountability to company owners, but accountability to stakeholders and God

(Endahwati, 2014). In carrying out financial management, starting from the beginning of

the accounting cycle to the financial reporting stage, it is necessary to refer to the

example of the Prophet Muhammad who has commendable characteristics and noble

character (IDRIS, 2018). One of the titles given to the Prophet Muhammad is "alamin" or

trusted (Amieska, Irianto, & Affandy, 2017). Rasulullah SAW is a very trusted economic

actor. Financial reports are a form of accountability that must be accounted for (Fauziyah

& Handayani, 2017). Financial accountability can be carried out by upholding the values

of siddiq (honesty), amanah (trustworthy), tablgh (developing the environment or

subordinates), and fatah values (competent and professional). Siddiq or also called

honesty is one of the core in Islamic business ethics which is also a capital for life

(Mardiyah & Mardiyah, 2015).

The Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah organization is one of the largest Islamic

organizations in Indonesia that manages a number of universities. As an organization

based on Islamic teachings, Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah requires educational institutions

under its auspices, including universities, to carry out financial management correctly,

honestly, orderly, and transparently. The Al Washliyah organization realizes that the

implementation of higher education will not be able to run properly without being

supported by regular, continuous and orderly sources of funds or finance and financing,

as well as regular and reliable financial management. In order to create financial

accountability in educational institutions, Al Washliyah has established a standard system

and procedure for financial management at Al Washliyah College.

Nawir Yuslem, Nurlaila, Yurmaini

Financial Accountability Dimensions Of Islamic Values At Al Washliyah Higher SCHO

1559

RESEARCH METHOD

This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, while

the paradigm of this research is an interpretive paradigm. The data sources in this study

were divided into primary data sources (5 financial informants) and secondary data

sources in the form of additional informants as well as several financial manuals. Data

collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. The data analysis

technique used is data collection, data reduction, conclusion drawing. Techniques to

guarantee the validity of the data used are credibility, transferability, dependability,

confirmability.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Financial accountability at Al Washliyah universities emphasizes the importance of

applying Islamic values. The application of Islamic values in the financial accountability

system at all Al Washliyah universities, including those in North Sumatra, has actually

been regulated in the standard guidelines on systems and procedures for financial

management of Al Washliyah Colleges issued by the Educational Council of the Great

Management (MP- PB) Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah but not explained in detail the meaning

of these Islamic values.

The Board of Education of the Great Management (MP-PB) Al Jam'iyatul

Washliyah has emphasized to all universities under Washliyah to always be guided and

comply with the existing system, especially regarding financial management systems and

procedures both for college budget preparation, college financial management and college

financial reporting.

Based on the data obtained, there are Islamic values in financial accountability

which are used as guidelines and standards in carrying out finances at Al Washliyah

universities.

a. Siddiq's Value

Shiddiq is honesty that will produce goodness, and vice versa is one of the very

important values that is understood as a value that requires all aspects of the

implementation of the financial accountability system in universities, starting from

financial planning (budgeting), absorption or use of the budget, and reporting of financial

use is carried out on the principles of truth and honesty. Several studies have been

conducted in the field of Islamic accounting both at the conceptual and practical levels.

Islamic accounting experts have recommended entrepreneurial theory as a theoretical

concept of Islamic accounting because it is considered that the theory contains the values

of justice, honesty, truth, trust and responsibility. The basic value of siddiq is personal

integrity, always telling the truth, not lying, clear mind. The values contained in siddiq

are always honest behavior both in word and deed, guaranteed, emotional balance, peace

of mind.

Table 1. Siddiq's Value in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic

Values

Identification of Values

Siddiq’s

Value

- Honest, true, not lying

- Honesty, integrity and responsibility

- Transparency, openness, correctness, conformity

- Manifestations of Ihsan

- Be firm and tough about what you aspire to (Q.S Al

Ahzab 23)

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- Have a strong commitment to Islam

- True to the principle (istiqamah), tawadhu

- Straight hearted, not cheating, clear mind

a. Siddiq’s Value

Trust is one of the objectives contained in the Articles of Association and Bylaws

of Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah as stated in Chapter III namely Objectives, Nature, Functions

and Business Article 3. the value of trust in financial management at the University of Al

Washliyah (UNIVA) Medan understood as a form of effort to maintain commitment,

namely commitment to existing rules and agreements. The commitment in question is that

UNIVA Medan's financial management from planning to reporting must refer to the

financial system and procedure (sisdur) book that has been published by the Al

Washliyah organization. Therefore, he emphasized that the use of finances was carried

out in accordance with the principles of trust that had been determined in the financial

procedure book of the Al Washliyah College. All existing income must be used according

to its designation, because as a campus that is sheltered by the Al Washliyah

organization, of course it must follow Islamic values and rules in the use of finance,

which in this case includes the most important value of trust, in the sense of fulfilling the

beliefs of the people according to regulations that have been determined by the

organization/foundation.

Table 2 Value of Trust in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic

Values

Identification of Values

Amanah’s

value

- Fulfilling promises, commitments and oaths

- justice (fair) fulfilling commitment (keep promises

and commitments)

- reliability (reliable to carry out the trust)

- transparency (openness),

- independence (independence),

- emotional and physical fitness (mental and physical

health),

- accountability and responsibility (responsible).

- responsible, punctual, loyal, sincere, trustworthy or

reliable

- discipline and fair

- Return the rights to the owner

b. Tabligh’s Value

The value of tabligh has the meaning of conveying or inviting as well as providing

an example to others to do the right things. Communicate and convey information well to

anyone without favoritism. The value of tabligh in financial management of Al

Washliyah College is as information disclosure. Every Al Washliyah college is required

to make financial reports in accordance with good and correct financial reporting rules.

This is as stated by Ridwan Nazar that based on the financial procedure book of Al

Washliyah College that all universities under the auspices of Al Washliyah are required to

make financial reports every year and submit it to the PB Al Washliyah Education

Council through BPH; specifically the tax financial statements are prepared as of

December 31.

Table 3 Tabligh Values in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic

Identification of Values

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Financial Accountability Dimensions Of Islamic Values At Al Washliyah Higher SCHO

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Values

Tabligh’s

value

- Deliver, visionary

- Communicate well

- Inviting and warning, openness

- Clear vision

- Share mission and objectives

- Jawami'ul kalim / effective communicator

- Leading with example

- Motivating and inspiring

- Care and compassionate

- Teamwork (cooperation in teams)

c. Fatanah’s Value

The basic value of the fatal value is to have broad knowledge, agile, skilled, have a

precise strategy. In addition, the fatah value also has the meaning of being intelligent in

implementing the vision, mission and mastering or broad knowledge about goods and

services, as well as always learning, seeking knowledge. One of the values contained in

the fatanah value is having extensive knowledge. This means that not only knowledge

gained during education or knowledge gained from work experience, but must increase

knowledge in the financial sector by participating in financial training, always asking

questions and learning about finance that is less understood to those who understand more

and are not ashamed to continue learning.

Fatanah value also has the meaning of being able to foster creativity and the ability

to carry out various kinds of useful innovations. Creativity and innovation are only

possible when a person is always trying to add a variety of knowledge and information,

both related to his work and the organization in general.

Table 4 Fatanah Value in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic

Values

Identification of Values

Fatanah’s

value

- Wise, competent and professional

- Creativity and innovation

- Knowledgeable and Learning Oriented

- Itqan and Quality and Continuous Improvement

- Tawakkal.

d. Ikhlas’s Value

One of the values that supports all activities carried out in the Al Washliyah

organization is sincerity. Sincerity for the citizens of Al Washliyah is based on sura As-

Shaf verse 10. In the Al Washliyah organization, this verse occupies a very important

position because its content is used as the basis for the struggle of every Al Washliyah

citizen in all elements including in educational institutions that managed. Therefore,

every citizen of Al Washliyah, including every human resource who works in an

educational institution managed by Al Wshliyah, must use the above verse as the basis for

carrying out their activities.

The meaning contained in the verse mandates that this life is entirely a form of

commerce with Allah SWT, where through this verse Allah offers that commerce can

save us from a painful torment and to gain true profit is to strive in the way of Allah, both

with wealth and even wealth. soul. Therefore, the context of a sincere fighting spirit and

jihad because Allah SWT is as strong as possible is used as a foundation in work.

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Table 5 The Value of Sincerity in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic

Values

Identification of Values

Ikhlas’s

value

- Sincere Jihad in the way of Allah swt

- a willing and airy mood

- Expect no reward

- The similarity of actions between the outer and the inner

e. Deliberation Value

Deliberation is the essence of Islamic teachings that must be established in the life

of Muslims. Deliberation contains the meaning of everything that is taken or removed

from others (including opinions) to obtain goodness. In Islamic economic activities,

deliberation must be the basis and be considered as an element of various personality

elements that are full of faith, in addition to a pure heart full of faith and the purification

of the limbs from sins or heinous acts. With deliberation, it will bring good benefits

including: 1) through deliberation, it can be known the level of reason, understanding,

level of love, and sincerity towards the general benefit. 2) the ability of the human mind

to have levels, and the way of thinking is also different. Because, maybe some of them

have an advantage that other people, even the dignitaries, don't have. 3) all opinions in the

deliberation are tested for their abilities. After that choose a better opinion. In the

deliberation, it will appear that the hearts are united to succeed in an effort and an

agreement of the heart.

Table 6 Value of Deliberation in Higher Education Financial Accountability

Islamic Values

Identification of Values

Musyawarah’ value

- Negotiate

- Unite different opinions

- togetherness

- equal rights and obligations

- Free to express opinions

CONCLUSION

Based on the discussion and analysis carried out, it can be concluded in this study

that Islamic values on financial accountability at Al Washliyah College are 6 (five) values

that are used as the basis for carrying out finances, namely the value of Shiddiq, the value

of Amanah, the value of Tabligh, the value of Fatah, the value of sincerity, and the value

of deliberation.

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