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Eduvest –
Journal of Universal Studies Volume
4 Number 06, June, 2024 p- ISSN 2775-3735- e-ISSN 2775-3727 |
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Implications
and Impact of Digital Literacy on Higher Education: Systematic Literature
Review |
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Ratih Komala Dewi1*, Oria Lasmana 2, Festiyed3, Asrizal4, Desnita5, Skunda Diliarosta6 1 Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia 2 Universitas Mahaputra Muhammad Yamin,
Indonesia Email: ratihkomaladewi407@gmail.com. |
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ABSTRACT |
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Digital literacy is the ability
to interpret and use all information/data widely obtained with digital
assistance. Digital literacy plays an important role in the industrial
revolution 4.0 era because in this era there is an integration of advanced
digital technology in all aspects of life including education. The purpose of
this study is to investigate the application and impact of digital literacy
in higher education. The method in this research is a systematic literature
review with use PRISMA method. In this study, a process of identification,
synthesis and analysis of scientific articles relevant to the impact of
digital literacy on higher education was carried out. Digital literacy has a
significant impact on higher education, shaping the way students and educators
interact with information and technology. It is important for higher
education institutions to integrate digital literacy in the curriculum, as
well as address the challenges that arise, to ensure that students are
prepared for future challenges in an increasingly digitized world. |
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KEYWORDS |
digital literacy, higher
education, systematic literature review. |
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This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
International |
INTRODUCTION
Digital literacy is one of the indicators in education and culture to
create a critical and creative way of thinking for
learners. Digital literacy triggers learners from passive to active recipients
of information. Digital literacy is the ability to
understand and use a wide and free range of information obtained through digital
assistance (Silalahi et al., 2022).
Digital literacy is
essential in the Age of Industrial Revolution 4.0 due to major shifts in the
way industries and societies operate. The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0
is characterized by the integration of advanced digital technologies in almost
all aspects of life and business, including manufacturing, services,
communications, and education.
In facing the era of the industrial revolution
4.0, a new literacy is needed because the old literacy used today is used as capital to live social
life. Literacy also takes a very important role and must be observed in
individuals because this literacy is related to individual skills in
communication, critical thinking, collaboration, creativity and innovation. This
is a support that should be owned by every human being in living a more complex
life in the future.
Higher education refers to the level of
education that is above secondary education. It includes various forms of
educational institutions after secondary school, such as colleges,
universities, polytechnics and other higher education institutions. Higher
education usually provides a higher, more specific and more in-depth level of
education in a particular field. Higher education is an important foundation in
shaping individuals to face the demands of modern times. In an era where
information and communication technology has become rampant, digital literacy
has become an inevitable critical skill.
This research aims to explore the impact and
implications of digital literacy in higher education. Digital literacy is
expected to overcome challenges in improving the quality of learning and
preparing students to enter the increasingly digitalized world of work. By
detailing the implications and impacts, we can understand how important the
integration of digital literacy is in the context of higher education to form a
generation that is competent and ready to face the ever-evolving global
challenges.
RESEARCH METHOD
This study used the PRISMA methodology (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and
Meta-Analyses)
. The stages of the literature review were as follows: 1) formulation of
research questions, 2) Specification of article inclusion and exclusion
criteria, 3) formulating a literature search plan, 4) Search for articles in
the selected database, 5) Evaluation of the quality of the retrieved articles
according to the predetermined criteria, 6) Systematization of information and
7) Interpretation and presentation of results. To
complete this study, researchers collected journal articles using the keywords
of the implications and role of digital literacy in higher education. The articles
collected were articles published in the time span of 2019 to 2023. Search results from Google
Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and Eric found
a total of 1026 related
articles and selected into 12 articles.
Figure 1: Prism method
Formulation of
research questions, based on the following PICOC:
1.
Population (P): Students and lecturers in higher education
institutions
2. Intervention (I):
Implications and impact of digital literacy in higher education
3.
Comparison(C): Comparison between the group that participated
in the digital literacy program and the control group that did not participate
in the program.
4.
Outcome (O): Improved student digital literacy skills, positive impact on learning quality and implications for teaching and learning.
5.
Context (C): Higher education institution at national or
regional level, digital
learning environment, including available technology resources and
infrastructure.
The article search
process began on November 5, 2023. The articles collected are English-language
articles focused on higher education. The articles collected consist of sinta 1, sinta 2 and scopus articles. The article search focused on the title,
abstract and keywords. The keywords used in the article search were "Implication
and Impact of Digital Literacy" AND "Higher Education". The data
bases in this research are Google Scholar, Eric, Scopus and Science Direct. The
Google Scholar data base obtained 992 articles, Eric data base obtained 10
articles, Scopus as many as 17 articles and Science Direct as many as 7 articles.
The total number of articles found is 1026 articles.
The selection of articles is based
on inclusion
and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria are criteria that are used as a
benchmark in selecting articles that will be sampled in research. The inclusion
criteria in this study are 1) Article. 2) Relevant to the topic, 3) Focus on
higher education. 4) Range of years 2019-2023. Exclusion criteria are criteria
used in removing articles that are not relevant to the research objectives. The
exclusion criteria in this study are 1) Conference proceedings and books, 2) Not
relevant to the topic, 3) research focus on kindergarten, elementary, junior
high and high school students, 4) 2018 and earlier.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The selection of articles consists
of two stages, namely abstract review selection and full manuscript screening
selection. Screening is based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion
criteria. At the initial stage of selection, the total number of articles
searched was 1026 articles and after the selection stage, it was reduced to 12
articles that would be analyzed in depth, which can be seen in the following
table:
Table 2. Article
Analysis
|
Author |
Title |
Year |
Country |
Journal Name |
Rating |
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1 |
Ahmet Kamil Kabakus, et
all |
The effect of digital
literacy on technology acceptance: An evaluation on administrative staff in
higher education |
2023 |
Turkey |
Journal of Information
Science |
Q2 |
|
2. |
Erika E. Smith and Hannah Storrs |
Digital literacies, social
media, and undergraduate learning: what do students think they need to know? |
2023 |
Canada |
International Journal of
Educational Technology in Higher Education |
Q1 |
|
2 |
Nasreen Khan, et
all |
Connecting digital literacy
in higher education to the 21st century workforce |
2022 |
Malaysia |
Connecting digital literacy
in higher education to the 21st century workforce |
Q3 |
|
3 |
Ani Widayati |
Industrial Revolution Era
4.0: Digital Literacy of Accounting Education Students |
2022 |
Indonesia |
Education Dynamics |
Q2 |
|
5 |
Thi Lan
Huong LE, et all |
Impact
of digital Literacy on intention to use technology for online distribution of
higher education in Vietnam |
2022 |
Vietnam |
Journal of Distribution
Science |
Q4 |
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6 |
Encik Savira Isnah et.all |
The Effect of Digital
Literacy on Language Ability in Higher Education: Experience From a
Developing Country |
2022 |
Indonesia |
Journal of Higher Education
Theory and Practice |
Q4 |
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7 |
Aji Budi Rinekso, et
all |
Digital Literacy Practices
in Tertiary Education: A Case of EFL Postgraduate Students |
2021 |
Indonesia |
Studies in English Language
and Education |
Q3 |
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8 |
Angélica Reis Monteiro |
Digital literacies in higher
education: skills, uses, opportunities and obstacles to digital
transformation |
2021 |
Portugal |
Revista de Educación a
Distancia |
Q3 |
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9 |
Chaterina Puteri Doni |
Challenges of Digital
Literacy Education in Pandemic Period |
2021 |
Indonesia |
Journal of Education Review
Provision |
Q1 |
|
10 |
Shahrokh Nikou & Milla
Aavakare |
An assessment of the
interplay between literacy and digital technology in higher education |
2021 |
Finland |
Education and Information
Technologies |
Q1 |
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11 |
Rahmat Rizal, et
all |
The Digital Literacy of The
First Semester Students in Physics Education |
2020 |
Indonesia |
Journal of Physics
Education, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar |
Q2 |
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12 |
Claire McGuinness & Crystal Fulton |
Digital literacy in higher
education: a case study of student engagement with e-tutorials using blended
learning |
2019 |
Ireland |
Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice |
Q3 |
Descriptive Analysis
Based on the review of 12 articles, it is known that
there are 2 articles published in 2023, 4 articles in 2022, 4 articles in 2021,
1 article in 2020, and 1 article in 2019. The distribution of article
publication years can be seen in the following graph.
Figure 1. Year distribution of articles
This study conducted a literature review of
selected articles to examine the implications and impact of digital
literacy in higher education. Based on the search results, 12 articles were
obtained from 12 different journals. The articles reviewed were written by authors from 8 countries,
namely Turkey (1 article), Malaysia (1 article), Indonesia (5 articles), Vietnam
(1 article), Portugal (1 article), Ireland (1 article), Pakistan (1 article) and
Finland (1 article). The country
distribution of article authors can be seen in the following graph.
Category Analysis
The
articles analyzed consist of various levels, namely 3
articles that have Q1 level, 3 articles that have Q2 level, 4 articles that
have Q3 level, 2 articles that have Q4 level. The levels of the
articles can be seen in the following diagram.
Figure 3. Article Tiers
Table 3. Overview of the Impact and
Implications of Digital Literacy
|
Author |
Implications |
Impact |
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1. |
Ahmet Kamil Kabakus, et
all |
Use
of digital technology in administrative activities |
The use of digital technology has an effect on improving performance by
administrative staff working in higher education. |
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2. |
Erika E. Smith and Hannah Storrs |
The use of social media and digital literacy in higher
education learning |
There is
a gap between the importance of digital literacy for students and the lack of
provision on these topics in undergraduate education. |
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3. |
Nasreen Khan, et all |
Implementation of virtual
learning in the learning process |
Digital literacy improves
academic performance and employability. |
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4. |
Ani Widayati |
Changes in digital
technology and its contribution to the field of education and to improving
digital literacy skills |
Improve the digital literacy
skills of Accounting students in terms of selecting,
responding to, and evaluating information. |
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5. |
Thi Lan
Huong LE, et all |
Understand the factors that influence the use of
digital technology by university students, so as to design and implement
appropriate strategies to improve digital literacy and technology acceptance
among university students. |
Digital
literacy has a positive and significant influence on technology use for
higher education online learning in Vietnam. |
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6. |
Encik Savira Isnah et.all |
Digital literacy intervention |
Digital
literacy has a positive impact on students' English skills, especially in
reading, writing and speaking. |
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7. |
Aji Budi Rinekso, et
all |
The use of digital tools for academic/research and
general purposes can have a positive impact |
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8. |
Angélica Reis Monteiro |
Implementing digital literacy for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic with online learning. |
Students
have a fairly good ability to search and edit digital data, students also use digital technology more for
institutional and peer-to-peer communication. |
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9. |
Chaterina Puteri Doni |
Digital literacy can help implement
effective, seamless online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic |
|
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10. |
Shahrokh Nikou & Milla
Aavakare |
Use of information
literacy and digital literacy as the basic skills needed to use digital
technology effectively and efficiently. |
Information
literacy plays a role in shaping intrinsic motivation, while digital literacy
plays more of a role in shaping extrinsic motivation. |
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11. |
Rahmat Rizal, et all |
Integrating
digital literacy with other literacies, such as science literacy, numeracy
literacy, media literacy and information literacy, to form a holistic and
comprehensive 21st century literacy. |
Digital literacy can improve the quality of
physics learning, both online and offline, by utilizing various relevant,
interesting, and interactive digital sources, media, and applications.
Digital literacy can also help students to develop creativity, collaboration
and communication in physics learning. |
|
12. |
Claire
McGuinness & Crystal Fulton |
Using a series of interactive e-tutorials aimed at
improving students' digital literacy |
E-tutorials
are well received by students and are useful in reinforcing classroom
learning, allowing students to repeat concepts and materials taught in
face-to-face classes, at their own pace and time. |
Content
Analysis
Based on table (3) above, we can see the various
implications and impacts of the use of digital literacy by students, lecturers
and staff in higher education. The article written by
The article written by
Article written by
Article
written by
Article
written by
Based on the
analysis of the 12 articles above, there are various implications and impacts
of digital literacy on higher education. This means that digital literacy is an
element that must exist in higher education because it can have a positive
influence on various aspects of higher education. This is in line with the
opinion that states that
Digital literacy
has a new
orientation in the implementation of
higher education. In order for the world of education to continue to have high
relevance in the era of the
industrial revolution 4.0 or the era of disruption, educators (teachers and
lecturers) in the learning process need to integrate the learning outcomes of
three fields simultaneously and integrated, namely the achievements of old
literacy, new literacy, and scientific literacy.
CONCLUSION
Digital literacy
plays a crucial role in changing the paradigm and methods of learning in higher
education institutions. The implementation of digital literacy not only affects
the way students and educators interact with technology, but also shapes the
mindset, skills and attitudes that are essential in facing the digital era.
Digital and media literacy has important implications in higher education, both
in meeting the challenges and in developing the skills and competencies needed
for careers and life in the digitalization era.
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