Eduvest � Journal of Universal Studies Volume 4 Number 06, June, 2024 p- ISSN 2775-3735- e-ISSN 2775-3727 |
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Psychological Well-Being Reviewed By The Work Complacency Of
The Employees Of Pt. Abs |
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Sri Hartini1*, Angelyn Tania2,
Chaterine Simwira3, M. Hafizh Raihan4, Mukhaira El Akmal5, Sabrini Mentari Rezeki6 1,2,3,4,5,6 Fakultas
Psikologi, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia Email: [email protected]), [email protected]),
[email protected]), [email protected]),
[email protected]), [email protected]) |
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ABSTRACT |
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The study is held in PT. Andalan Bintang Sampali working environment.
The objective is to obtain the bond among the job satisfaction with
psychological well-being of PT. Andalan Bintang Sampali�s employees.
Population and sample on this research is: 102 (a hundred and two) employees
of PT. Andalan Bintang Sampali. The method of Purposive Sampling is being
used as the technique to collect samples. The technique of gathering data is
by disseminate the questions-form to those samples. Analysis technique that
is being carried out in this study/research is the Correlational Pearson
Product Moment technique.The results of the research found a correlation
between work satisfaction and psychological well-being with the correlation
coefficient F = 0.947 as well as p = 0.000 (p<0.01). The assumption test
composed of normality test, linearity trial, correlation check, descriptive
test, as well as effective contribution test. The data was outlined with SPSS
27 for Windows by using Correlation Pearson Product Moment technique.
Research shows that the effective contribution shows that 94.7 percent occured
within job satisfaction and psychologial well-being, while the rest 5.3
percent lie on other factors that weren�t being researched. |
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KEYWORDS |
Job Satisfaction, Psychological
well-being, Employees |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
International |
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����������������������������������������������� INTRODUCTION
Work is a part of the activities carried out by
individuals or persons in anticipation of rewards or payment for their
individual sustenance. Companies have a number of objectives to be achieved in
their operational work. The achievement of these objectives can be supported by
the ability of resources, especially human resources, possessed by the company.
In the phenomenon of increasingly tough business competition, every company
strives to highlight the advantages or strengths it possesses. High performance
is one of the factors in forming the competitive advantage of the company. High
performance depends on the quality of employee performance in designing,
implementing, and evaluating operational performance.
Job satisfaction is an important factor in
influencing the good or bad performance of employees. Satisfaction is an
individual's perspective on events, assessments of the people around them,
their relationships, and their mental well-being in the workplace (Somvir &
Kaushik, 2012). Somvir and Kaushik (2012) define job satisfaction as the level
of emotional orientation of employees to their roles in the organization. This
means that employees can be satisfied with their jobs in terms of leadership, wages,
teamwork, opportunities for promotion, communication flow, and work environment
so that employees can fully commit to their company or organization. Meanwhile,
Locke (in Wijono, 2011) defines that the positivity of individual emotions and
pleasure affects job satisfaction. This means that job satisfaction is an
individual's subjective estimation of the absolute tasks or events and their
happiness. Locke emphasizes the need for both cognitive (assessment) and
affective (emotional feeling) functions. Luthans (Indrawati, 2021) divides job
satisfaction into 5 (five) aspects, namely job satisfaction, which is the
employee's perspective on their job. Salary; fair, non-deviating/ suspicious
wages that are in line with what employees expect. Promotion opportunities;
having opportunities for promotion with non-subjective attitudes that can
increase employee satisfaction. Task supervision; an effort to influence
employee activities by communicating to achieve the organization's expected
objectives, and colleagues having colleagues who can support, advise, or
provide input to fellow team members.
According to Lovelock and Wright (2007), employees
who excel in finding solutions to their work and who are more productive in
their work can be found in those who are happy in their company. Each
individual has ideal principles within them. One of their ideal principles is
prosperity (Gavin & Mason, 2004). In today's era of globalization, business
competition is very tight, with developing countries expected to compete with
developed countries in many fields. Technological advancements greatly affect
the quality of products and capital, thus affecting the development of
companies, but the growth of a business or organization is also greatly
influenced by the excellence of its human resources. Therefore, companies that
want to be productive certainly want their employees to feel satisfied so that
they can commit and work efficiently. Unfortunately, many companies still do
not pay enough attention to their employees as assets that can change the
direction of their progress, as shown in the following example.
Based on Mercer Marsh Benefits Indonesia 2023, now
salaries are not the basic benchmark for employees to stay long-term in the
same company. Managing Director Mercer Marsh Benefits Indonesia Country Leader,
Wulan Gallacher, emphasizes that employees can work for decades in a company
because of the benefits received other than salary. How a company cares for its
employees is one of the factors for the development of employees' psychological
well-being to be able to survive in a company (www.suara.com).
Based on observations and interviews conducted by
researchers with several employees working at PT.ABS, employees lack a sense of
responsibility for the tasks assigned to them, there is no sense of mutual
support among employees, thus hindering work, there are conflicts among
employees; having very different views on how to execute a task so that they
feel demeaned.
From these cases, it can be concluded that there is
pressure from the surrounding environment that hampers employees in
self-development, thus affecting weak work motivation and productivity.
Companies must pay attention to correct these deficiencies so that the company
can grow even more superior in the future.
The need for a sense of security about the future
certainty of employees in the company being fulfilled will affect psychological
well-being. According to Ryff (in Awaliyah & Listiyandini, 1995), the
definition of psychological well-being is the full attainment of individual
psychological strengths and conditions when a person can appreciate their
potential, have a life direction, foster positive relationships with others,
become independent individuals, and influence their surroundings. According to
Akhtar (in Prabowo, 2016), psychological well-being can increase positive
emotions in adolescents, touch self-satisfaction and pleasure, decrease
negative emotions and depression in adolescents. Ryff (in Pratomo 2013)
compiles 6 (six) dimensions of psychological well-being including:
self-acceptance, which is a person's ability to accept themselves in the
present and the past. Getting along well with others, which is having empathy
and love for others so as to be able to enhance friendships. Autonomy, which is
the determination of personal destiny, independence, and the ability to adjust
one's own nature. Environmental mastery, which is an individual's ability to
determine or realize appropriate social interactions with their psychological
disposition. Life purpose is the meaning of an individual's life with various
meaningful plans in life and personal growth is the development of individual
abilities to improve and succeed as human beings.
One thing that affects psychological well-being is
job satisfaction. This is evidenced by the results of the Wisconsin
Longitudinal Study (WLS) in 1957, which stated that individuals with higher job
status tend to have higher levels of psychological well-being. If employees are
satisfied with higher job status, it can increase the psychological well-being
of employees. So it can be concluded, the higher the level of job satisfaction
of a person, the higher the psychological well-being of that person and vice
versa, the lower the level of job satisfaction of an individual, it can reduce
the quality of psychological well-being of that person.
Based on the research conducted by Simarmata
(2015), job satisfaction affects community prosperity. Especially salaries,
according to Simarmata's research (2015), there is a harmonious relationship
between job satisfaction and worker well-being. Based on the above description,
an increased level of job satisfaction can also increase psychological
well-being, and vice versa. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that there
is a connection between job satisfaction and psychological well-being assumed that
the higher the job satisfaction of employees, the higher their psychological
well-being, and vice versa, lower job satisfaction of employees can reduce
their psychological well-being.
Based on the phenomena and the results of studies
by experts, it can be summarized that psychological well-being with job
satisfaction is something that must be considered in a company. Therefore, the
researcher intends to conduct research entitled Psychological Well-being
Reviewed from Job Satisfaction at PT. ABS. The formulation of the condition
formulated related to the above case is whether there is a connection between
job satisfaction and psychological well-being of PT. ABS employees?
The objective of this study is to obtain a
correlation between job satisfaction and psychological well-being of PT. ABS
employees. Some benefits of this research are theoretical benefits and
practical benefits. The theoretical benefit of this research is to increase a
more concrete understanding of knowledge in the field of psychology, especially
social, industrial, and organizational psychology, on the other hand, practical
benefits are divided into two, for employees and for companies.
The results of the research for employees are
believed to be able to provide recommendations to employees to pay more
attention to psychological well-being such as individual behavior capable of
accepting themselves, being hopeful, having long-term guidance, and maintaining
good relationships with others and the job satisfaction possessed by employees
in order to be able to complete their tasks well.
The results of the study for the company are
believed to be able to provide input for entities or entity leaders regarding
the psychological well-being expected by their employees. Thus, employee
productivity will increase, because most prosperous workers will be more
fertile in performing their duties in the office and employees can create a
sense of work-life balance so that the expectations of the workplace and
individuals can be satisfied.
RESEARCH
METHOD
Variables in this research are job satisfaction referred to as the
independent variable and psychological well-being referred to as the dependent
variable. The population studied, consisting of 120 employees, includes both
male and female employees in the company. The error rate in this research is 1%
leading to the determination of the sample size using Isaac and Michael's
table. The total sample in this research is 102. The sampling method used in
this research is purposive sampling, as described by Sugiyono (2017), which
involves specific calculations for sample selection.
Quantitative method is employed in this research. According to Sugiyono
(2018), the quantitative approach is a research method based on the philosophy
of positivism for research and sampling by random method with data collection
using instruments, and data analysis is quantitative. The data collection
method used is the Likert scale, which is a measurement of quantitative data
obtained from questionnaires during the surveyed research.
Psychological well-being is categorized based on the dimensions
outlined by Ryff and Keyes (1995), which include autonomy, self-acceptance,
positive relations with others, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and
personal growth. The items of investigation can be read in Table 1 below:
Table 1. Blueprint of Psychological Well-being
Scale Statements
No. |
Psychological Well-being Dimension |
Statement Items |
Total |
|
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
item |
||
1 |
Autonomy |
1, 25, 26 |
4, 13, 29 |
6 |
2 |
Self-acceptance |
7, 15, 28 |
5, 23, 30 |
6 |
3 |
Positive
relations with others |
8, 20, 31 |
2, 14, 27 |
6 |
4 |
Environmental
mastery |
3, 16, 21 |
6, 24, 32 |
6 |
5 |
Purpose in life |
12, 22, 33 |
10, 18, 35 |
6 |
6 |
Personal growth |
11, 19, 34 |
9, 17, 36 |
6 |
|
Total Item |
18 |
18 |
36 |
Job satisfaction is organized based on aspects presented by Luthans
(2021), which include satisfaction with wages, job, promotion opportunities,
task supervision, and colleagues. The items of investigation can be seen in
Table 2 below:
Table 2. Blueprint
of Job Satisfaction Scale Statements
No. |
Job Satisfaction Dimension |
Statement Items |
Total Item |
|
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
|||
1. |
Job satisfaction |
1, 10, 25 |
4, 13, 26 |
6 |
2. |
Salary |
8, 18, 27 |
5, 11, 23 |
6 |
3. |
Promotion
opportunities |
3, 15, 22 |
9, 12, 29 |
6 |
4. |
Task supervision |
7, 19, 28 |
16, 20, 30 |
6 |
5. |
Colleagues |
2, 14, 21 |
6, 17, 24 |
6 |
|
Total item |
15 |
15 |
30 |
Azwar (1986) reveals that the accuracy and precision of a measuring
tool to perform its measurement tasks is called validity derived from validity.
Meanwhile, Azwar (2011) interprets reliability as measured by the extent to
which a measurement acquisition occurs with reliability, dependability,
accuracy, harmony, and balance that can be trusted. Data processing with the
intention of obtaining useful analysis that can serve as the foundation for
drawing conclusions as a solution to a problem is called data analysis. The
analysis utilized in this research is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation
technique, which is a data analysis technique used to respond to the presence
or absence of a connection between the dependent and independent variables
using SPSS Statistics 27.
The Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis technique is intended
to understand whether there is a connection between psychological well-being
and job satisfaction. Hypothesis testing can be accepted if the significance
value is p < 0.05, then H0 is not accepted, which means there is a
significant effect between one independent variable and the dependent variable.
If the significance value is p > 0.05, then H0 is accepted, which means no
significant effect is found between one independent variable and the dependent
variable.
Before performing data analysis, assumption tests need to be conducted,
namely normality test and linearity test. The normality test is conducted using
the SPSS 27 program for Windows using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test
which aims to determine whether the sample taken comes from a normally
distributed population or not. If the research data is normally distributed
with a p-value > 0.05, then parametric analysis techniques can be used, but
if the data is not normally distributed with a p-value < 0.05, then
non-parametric statistical techniques can be used. The linearity test uses the
SPSS 27 program for Windows which aims to test whether there is a connection
between the independent and dependent variables following a straight line
(linear) or not. Two variables are said to follow a straight line if there is a
significant value or probability with a p-value < 0.05.
Pilot Testing
The
pilot testing was conducted from November 2, 2023, to November 4, 2023, at PT.
Sinar Tiga. The test was carried out with a sample of 80 employees aged between
24-37 years, each with their respective tenures. The survey was distributed to
PT. Sinar Tiga employees using Google Forms, and an assessment was conducted to
identify which items did not pass. Two ratios were used:
Job Satisfaction Ratio
A
total of 30 items were tested, and the validity test was conducted using SPSS
Statistics 27 for Windows. According to Azwar (2012), a calculation is
considered valid if the r-value is > 0.30 (exceeding 0.30). Thus, the
validity test results showed that 25 out of 30 items were valid, namely items
numbered 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. The Corrected Item Total Correlation method was used to
test validity, where valid items could be identified through a table of
Corrected Item Total Correlation with r-values ranging from 0.814 to 0.872.
From these results, it can be concluded that items numbered 1, 9, 16, 29, 30
are not valid. Next, the reliability test was conducted using the Cronbach's
Alpha method. For this future direction ratio, the Cronbach's Alpha reliability
coefficient obtained was 0.964, indicating that this ratio is suitable for use
as a data collection tool in research.
Table 3. Details of Valid and Invalid Job Satisfaction Ratio Items
No |
Aspect |
Statement Items |
Total Item |
|||
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
|||||
Valid |
Invalid |
Valid |
Invalid |
|||
1 |
Job
Satisfaction |
3,
5 |
1 |
2,
4, 6 |
- |
6 |
2 |
Salary |
7,
11 |
9 |
8,
10, 12 |
- |
6 |
3 |
Promotion
Opportunities |
13,
15, 17 |
- |
14,
18 |
16 |
6 |
4 |
Task
Supervision |
19,
21, 23 |
- |
20,
22, 24 |
- |
6 |
5 |
Colleagues |
25,
27 |
29 |
26.
28 |
30 |
6 |
Total |
12 |
3 |
13 |
2 |
30 |
Psychological Well-being Ratio
A
total of 36 items were tested, and the validity test was conducted using SPSS
Statistics 27 for Windows. Based on Azwar (2012), an item is considered valid
if the r-value is > 0.30. Thus, the validity test results showed that 32 out
of 36 items were valid, namely items numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,
33, 35.
The
Corrected Item Total Correlation method was used to test validity, where valid
items could be identified through a table of Corrected Item Total Correlation
with r-values ranging from 0.763 to 0.863. From these results, it can be
concluded that items numbered 10, 23, 34, 36 are not valid. Next, the
reliability test was conducted using the Cronbach's Alpha method. For this
self-efficacy ratio, the Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient obtained was
0.975, indicating that this ratio is suitable for use as a data collection tool
in research.
Table 4. Details of Valid and Invalid Psychological Well-being Ratio
Items
No |
Aspect |
Statement Items |
Total Item |
|||
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
|||||
Valid |
Invalid |
Valid |
Invalid |
|||
1 |
Autonomy |
1,
3, 5 |
- |
2,
4, 6 |
- |
6 |
2 |
Self-acceptance |
7,
9, 11 |
- |
8,
12 |
10 |
6 |
3 |
Positive relations with others |
13,
15, 17 |
- |
14,
16, 18 |
- |
6 |
4 |
Environmental mastery |
19,
21 |
23 |
20,
22, 24 |
- |
6 |
5 |
Purpose in life |
25,
27, 29 |
- |
26,
28, 30 |
- |
6 |
6 |
Personal growth |
31,
33, 35 |
- |
32 |
34,
36 |
6 |
Total
|
17 |
1 |
15 |
3 |
36 |
Research Implementation
This
study was conducted from January 11, 2024, to January 14, 2024, targeting 102
employees aged between 20-38 years, each with their respective tenures,
currently employed at PT. ABS. Data collection was carried out by providing
research ratios in the form of job satisfaction ratio and psychological
well-being ratio arranged in Likert scale format and distributed via Google
Forms, which were used to assess the job satisfaction and psychological
well-being of PT. ABS employees. The job satisfaction ratio consists of 25
items, while the psychological well-being ratio consists of 32 items, and the
ratios provided for the study are as follows.
Table 5. New Job Satisfaction Ratio Details
No |
Aspect |
Statement Items |
Total Item |
|
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
|||
1 |
Job
Satisfaction |
3,
5 |
2,
4, 6 |
5 |
2 |
Salary |
7,
11 |
8,
10, 12 |
5 |
3 |
Promotion
Opportunities |
13,
15, 17 |
14,
18 |
5 |
4 |
Task
Supervision |
19,
21, 23 |
20,
22, 24 |
6 |
5 |
Colleagues |
25,
27 |
26,
28 |
4 |
Jumlah |
12 |
13 |
25 |
Table 6. New Psychological Well-being Ratio Details
No |
Aspect |
Statement Items |
Total Item |
|
Favourable |
Unfavourable |
|||
1 |
Autonomy |
1,
3, 5 |
2,
4, 6 |
6 |
2 |
Self-acceptance |
7,
9, 11 |
8,
12 |
5 |
3 |
Positive relations with others |
13,
15, 17 |
14,
16, 18 |
6 |
4 |
Environmental mastery |
19,
21 |
20,
22, 24 |
5 |
5 |
Purpose in life |
25,
27, 29 |
26,
28, 30 |
6 |
6 |
Personal growth |
31,
33, 35 |
32 |
4 |
Total
|
17 |
15 |
32 |
Data Analysis Results
The
Pearson Product Moment Correlation technique is the data analysis method used
in this study. This technique is employed to determine the
correlation/relationship between job satisfaction and psychological well-being.
The Pearson Product Moment Correlation technique utilizes SPSS Statistics 27
for Windows to analyze the data.
Research Assumption Test Results
Before
conducting correlation tests, descriptive data analysis, and effective
contribution tests, the researcher performed assumption tests on the existing
data. Assumption tests serve to identify items that are reasonable and
unreasonable, significant and insignificant, in order to understand whether
there is a correlation between the independent variable (X) and the dependent
variable (Y) in this study. Two types of assumption tests were used in this
research: normality test and linearity test.
Normality Test
The
normality test is a statistical test used to determine whether residuals are
normally distributed or not. The test conducted in this study used the
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Data is considered normal if the
significance value (sig) > 0.05, and if sig < 0.05, it is considered not
normal. The result of the normality test conducted in this study yielded a
significance value of 0.263, where sig 0.263 > 0.005, indicating that the
data is normally distributed.
Table 7. Normality Test Results
Factor |
|
Sig. |
P |
Description |
Job Satisfaction
Well-being Psychological |
|
0,263 |
P
>
0,05 |
Fair Distribution |
Linearity Test
The
linearity test aims to determine if there is a significant linear correlation
between the dependent and independent variables. The testing method involved
determining if the significance value is > 0.05, indicating a significant
linear correlation between the dependent and independent variables, and vice
versa.
Table 8. Linearity Test Results
Deviation from Linearity |
Sig |
P |
|
0.001 |
P < 0.05 |
Based
on the results from the table above, the test result indicates that the sig
value of 0.001 < 0.05, indicating that no significant linear correlation was
found between the independent and dependent variables.
Correlation Test
Table 9. Correlation Test Results
Analysis |
Pearson Correlation |
Significance. (p) |
Pearson Correlation |
0.973 |
0.000 |
The
coefficient correlation value ranges between -1 < 0 < 1, where if r = -1,
it indicates a perfect negative correlation, meaning the significance of the
effect of the independent variable on the dependent variables is too weak, and
if r = 1, it indicates a perfect positive correlation, meaning the significance
of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variables is too
strong. It can be said that if the significance value is < 0.05, then there
is a correlation, but if the significance value is > 0.05, then there is no
correlation. From Table 3.7, it can be concluded that the sig value of 0.001
< 0.05, indicating a correlation between job satisfaction and psychological
well-being. Furthermore, with a Pearson Correlation value of 0.973, it can be
said that the level of relationship between job satisfaction and psychological
well-being falls into the perfect category.
Observational Data Description
Recognizing
the number of data related to examinations is the purpose of data description.
The empirical or hypothetical reviews added to the data description in this
study.
Variable Job Satisfaction Score
The
Job Satisfaction Ratio consists of 25 items, with item scores arranged in four
response options ranging from 1 - 4. The maximum and minimum scores range from
25x1 to 25x4 = 100, with a hypothetical mean of (25+100):2 = 62.5. The
Hypothetical Standard Deviation for job satisfaction in this survey is
(100-25):6 = 12.5. The ratio accompanied by respondents based on job
satisfaction determines the empirical mean = 77.44 and Standard Deviation =
15.759.
Table 10. Hypothetical Job Satisfaction Comparison with Empirical Data
Variable |
Empirical |
SD |
Hypothetical |
SD |
||||
Min |
Max |
Mean |
Min |
Max |
Mean |
|||
Job Satisfaction |
33 |
91 |
77.44 |
15.759 |
25 |
100 |
62.5 |
12.5 |
Research
findings will be considered higher if the empirical mean exceeds the
hypothetical mean, and vice versa. Research findings will be considered low if
the hypothetical mean exceeds the empirical mean. Based on the job satisfaction
ratio analysis, the empirical mean is greater than the hypothetical mean 77.44
> 62.5, indicating that PT. ABS employees have high psychological
well-being.
Hypothetical
Standard Deviation (σ) (100-25):6 = 12.5, Hypothetical mean (�) (25+100):2
= 62.5. From the calculation, it is explained that "X" <
(62.5-12.5) = 50, (62.5-12.5) = 50 ≤ "X" ≤ (62.5+12.5) =
75, "X" > (62.5+12.5) = 75.
Job Satisfaction
Data Classification can be found in Table 11 as follows:
Table 11. Job Satisfaction Data Groups
Variable |
Value Range |
Group |
Total |
Percentage (%) |
Job Satisfaction |
x
≤ 50 |
Low |
12 |
0.11% |
50
≤ x ≤75 |
Medium |
16 |
0.15% |
|
X
≥ 75 |
High |
74 |
0.7% |
|
Total |
102 |
1
% |
From
the table above, it can be seen that there are 12 participants (0.11%) with low
job satisfaction, 16 participants (0.15%) with medium job satisfaction, and 71
participants (0.7%) with high job satisfaction. Based on the above conclusion,
it can be seen that the mean of research participants has medium job
satisfaction.
Variable Psychological Well-being Score
The
Psychological Well-being Ratio consists of 25 items, with item scores arranged
in four response options ranging from 1 - 4. The maximum and minimum scores
range from 25x1 to 25x4 = 100, with a hypothetical mean of (25+100):2 = 62.5.
The Hypothetical Standard Deviation for job satisfaction in this survey is
(100-25):6 = 12.5. The ratio accompanied by respondents based on job
satisfaction determines the empirical mean = 77.44 and Standard Deviation =
15.759.
Table 12. Hypothetical Psychological Well-being Comparison with
Empirical Data
Variable |
Empirical |
SD |
Hypothetical |
SD |
||||
Min |
Max |
Mean |
Min |
Max |
Mean |
|||
Psychological Well-being |
33 |
91 |
77.44 |
15.759 |
25 |
100 |
62.5 |
12.5 |
Research
findings will be considered higher if the empirical mean exceeds the hypothetical
mean, and vice versa. Research findings will be considered low if the
hypothetical mean exceeds the empirical mean. Based on the job satisfaction
ratio analysis, the empirical mean is greater than the hypothetical mean 77.44
> 62.5, indicating that PT. ABS employees have high psychological
well-being.
Hypothetical
Standard Deviation (σ) (100-25):6 = 12.5, Hypothetical mean (�) (25+100):2
= 62.5. From the calculation, it is explained that "X" <
(62.5-12.5) = 50, (62.5-12.5) = 50 ≤ "X" ≤ (62.5+12.5) =
75, "X" > (62.5+12.5) = 75.
Psychological
Well-being Data Classification can be found in Table 13 as follows:
Table 13 Psychological Well-being Data Groups
Variable |
Value Range |
Group |
Total |
Percentage (%) |
Psychological Well-being |
x
≤ 50 |
Low
|
12 |
0.11% |
50
≤ x ≤7 5 |
Medium
|
16 |
0.15% |
|
x
≥ 75 |
High
|
74 |
0.7% |
|
Total |
102 |
1
% |
From
the table above, it can be seen that there are 12 participants (0.11%) with low
job satisfaction, 16 participants (0.15%) with medium job satisfaction, and 71 participants
(0.7%) with high job satisfaction. Based on the above conclusion, it can be
seen that the mean of research participants has medium job satisfaction.
Table 14. Effective Contribution Results
Model |
R |
R Square |
Adjusted R Square |
Std. Error of the Estimate |
1 |
.973a |
.947 |
.947 |
4.689 |
Based
on the table above, it can be concluded that the R or determination coefficient
value is 0.947, which means that the effective contribution between job
satisfaction and psychological well-being is 94.7%, while the remaining 5.3% is
contributed by other variables outside of this study.
Discussion
The
research results from 102 respondents, namely Employees at PT. ABS, who are the
subjects of this study, obtained a coefficient value of r = 0.947 with p=0.000
(p<0.01). This research outcome explains that the research hypothesis is
accepted, meaning there is a significant positive correlation between
psychological well-being and job satisfaction, indicating that increased job
satisfaction can enhance the level of employees' psychological well-being.
The
analysis of the data revealed findings that support this research, namely the
effective contribution of job satisfaction to employees' psychological
well-being at 94.7%, with the remaining 5.3% attributed to other factors
besides job satisfaction, such as commitment to work and individual
perspectives of employees.
In
conducting this research, the researcher chose to focus on employees at PT. ABS
to understand aspects crucial for their well-being, such as psychological
well-being, as not all employees experience good psychological well-being due
to environmental factors. A negative environment can lead to employee
dissatisfaction and a lack of commitment to their work. Additionally, other
factors such as disagreement with superiors' directives can create stress and
hinder employees from performing their daily tasks at the company with ease.
The
selection of employees at PT. ABS was not solely to examine the psychological
well-being of an employee based on job satisfaction but also to provide insight
into how psychological well-being significantly impacts employee job
satisfaction in the company, benefiting those interested in running a company
effectively.
Therefore,
according to the researcher, employees at PT. ABS can serve as a sample to
examine job satisfaction and psychological well-being in this research. Thus,
the researcher chose employees at PT. ABS. Based on the observations, the
company also needs to pay attention to the psychological well-being of its
employees. Based on the above description, it can be concluded that the higher
an employee's job satisfaction, the higher their psychological well-being. This
is because employees should experience full well-being when working in the
company.
CONCLUSION
The researcher can summarize
the analysis and interpretation in this study as follows: The correlation
coefficient in this research is 0.947 with a significance of 0.000, and the
P-value is 0.005. Therefore, the assumption of this research is accepted and
supported by the fact that job satisfaction correlates positively with
psychological well-being and vice versa. In the conducted research, there is a
large group of employees with job satisfaction, totaling 74 employees.
Similarly, there is also a large group of employees with psychological
well-being, totaling 75 employees.
Researchers hope to share some input for the next
direction of growth through the above understanding, as follows: The hope from the results of this research
is to provide input to employees to seek positive social environments for their
psychological well-being so that job satisfaction can be maintained, and tasks
can be performed effectively and timely. Based on the research findings, it is
hoped that the company can create a work environment that provides a sense of
security and comfort for employees and consistently provides social and
psychological support to them. The aim of this research for other young
researchers is to provide an initial understanding of the issues facing
employees, especially regarding their psychological well-being. For future
researchers conducting similar research, it is suggested to add other elements
such as the length of employment, which is suspected to also influence the
psychological well-being of an employee in the company.
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