In Indonesia, and even overseas, the living environment is a mutual issue and

concern. In Indonesia alone, environmental issues becomes a fundamental issue that is

currently developing (Miranto, 2017). Environmental issue is not a new thing, but an issue

as old as our earth itself that, according to the expert, is about five billion years old

(Mukminin, 2014). This issue generates a variety of effects that can have a direct impact

are used to mitigate the effects of the environmental damage. One of them is the

requirement for moral and ethical improvement in order to effect changes in attitudes and

behavior in society, specifically through education (Basri, 2018). Earth, being the only

human habitat, will be passed to the younger generation in the future, and their awareness

of the importance of environmental protection is a kind of personal and societal

responsibility. With education, there are hope that they have the awareness of

environmental protection (Afandi, 2013). Education contributes to the development of

abilities, personality, character, and national dignified civilization by instilling

environmental education values in the nation's next generation (Widyaningrum, 2016).

Environmental education is one of the important factors in environmental management

students in awakening, directing, and guiding them toward the formation of environmental

ethics (Mulyana, 2009). Changes in human perspective and behavior cannot be detached

from the formation of citizens' ethics and morality. The formation of ethics and morality is

the primary goal of education implementation in Indonesia, as stated in the national

education goals contained in Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education

System, which states that national education functions to develop and shape the character

and civilization of a dignified nation in the context of the nation's intellectual life, aims to

develop students' potential as human beings who believe and fear god almighty, have noble

character, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, and independent, and become

democratic and responsible citizens (Aulia, Arif, & Arpannudin, 2018).

learning environment and raise awareness among school members to take responsibility in

efforts to save the environment and promote sustainable development (Pradini, Sudjanto,

& Nurjannah, 2018) . Improving the quality of education through learning to support the

swift operation of development in Indonesia as a whole is a critical role for schools as

formal educational institutions (Djafri, 2020).

The reduction of environmental issues are expected as there are increasing number

of schools implementing environmental care programs or green schools (Olsson, 2018).

The approval of the Environmental Education policy by four agencies/ministries, namely

the State Ministry for the Environment, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Ministry

of Religion, and the Ministry of Home Affairs, is one of the Indonesian government's

efforts to achieve national development in environmental education. Population and

Enviromental Education, Enviromental Education, Environmentally Cultured School and

schools, or the total who received the adiwiyata award reached 272 schools (elementary

school, junior high school, senior high school, vocational high school) throughout

Indonesia (Tim Adiwiyata Tingkat Nasional, 2011). According to the US Green Buildings

Council's Center for Green Schools, a green school is defined as a building or school facility

that creates a healthy environment conducive to learning while also saving energy,

resources, and money. In Ireland, Green schools, also known as Eco-Schools are

international environmental education programs that include environmental management

systems and award schemes to promote their long-term environmental sustainability

initiatives. On the other hand, Institutopara o Desenvolvimento da Habitacao Ecologica

(IDHEA) claims that green schools are constructions that are developed based on more

The principal plays an important role in the school's succession. The presence and

competence of a leader is the heart of organizational management. A leader must instill

positive change in their personal by encouraging them to take the initiative and change

(Quin, Deris, Bischoff, & Johnson, 2015). The principal's strategies has a significant impact

on increasing teachers' motivation to perform their duties at school (Aksiadi & Gumilar,

2020). Whereas the goal of strategies implementation in an organization is as a means in

order to achieve the final results by developing specific policies and techniques to achieve

these goals and being able to ensure their proper implementation (Khrisnamurti, 2019).

Every citizen bears responsibility in environmental sustainability management. One

of the simplest places to implement environmental conservation is in the field of education.

planning, coordinating, mobilizing, and directing teachers, staff, students, and even the

community in the school setting. However, there are few literature studies on this topic,

particularly on the principal's strategies. As a result, a literature review will be conducted

in this review paper.

that are published between 2000 –2020, and identifying 200 study and article related to

stated keyword. The criteria of inclusion in this study are:

a. Qualitative and quantitative result of “Strategies of Adiwiyata School’s Principal”

b. Research from various country in the world

c. Research article are written in English and Indonesian

d. Dissertation and thesis are excluded

The steps in this literature review are:

Step 1: Define the issues

Step 3: Data evaluation

Step 4: Analysis and interpretation

lacks of awareness and responsibility for the environment have caused imbalance and

damage. Based on this problem, to form a character who loves the environment, the

government tries to create an environment-based education. The implementation of

environment-based education is carried out with environment-based education or adiwiyata

school (Aprilia, 2016).

environment-based school is an effort to open the insights and basic environmental

management as well as to raise awareness to overcome the broad variety of environmental

issues (Dasrita, Saam, Amin, & Siregar, 2015).

Adiwiyata School is one of the programs of the State Ministry of the Environment

to encourage the development of knowledge and awareness of environmental conservation

among school residents. As a program with the target of formal education at the elementary,

junior high and high school levels, this program explains how to make school members

care and cultured towards the environment by creating good environmental conditions as a

forum for learning and awareness of all school members for the creation of environmental

conservation efforts (Kristiawan, Maryanti, & Fitria, 2019). According to the Regulation

is the minister who carries out government's affairs in the field of environmental

management.

Strategies comes from the Greek strategos, which means 'army', while 'ago' means

'to lead'. At first strategies was used in the military to gain victory in battles against the

enemy. The term strategic planning in management emerged in the 1950s and was popular

in the 1960s to 1970s. From several existing definitions, it can be concluded that strategies

is a general approach that is long term (Suriansyah, 2015). The principal is a leader who

plays an important role in the development and control of educational institutions. In this

common goals as an education leader (Sriwahyuni, Kristiawan, & Wachidi, 2019). The

Principal's strategies is one of the most important factors in efforts to improve school

quality. These efforts are carried out by designing, implementing, and performing strategic

steps in school management that include all elements of the school and the surrounding

community. In order to implement these strategic steps, the principal must not only

implement and perform, but also assess its succession, with the expected result being a rise

in school quality (Murniati & Harun, 2015).

Based on the results of a review of various articles obtained, the results of the analysis

show that most of the articles focus on the principal's strategy and the adiwiyata program.

Table 1. shows that research related to this topic has been carried out in various educational

encourage the involvement of all educators and education staff in various activities that

support school programs. The results of the study on the principal's strategy show that the

principal's strategy has an impact on success in realizing a program. This is explained by

Dimas Ayu Khrisnamurti that strategy is a large, long-term plan that is increasing, efficient,

and productive in order to streamline the achievement of goals developed in detail in the

form of operational tactics accompanied by targets and measurable steps. The purpose of

strategy in an organization is as a means to achieve final results by formulating certain

policies and techniques to achieve these goals and being able to ensure their proper

implementation (Khrisnamurti, 2019) To achieve this goal, according to Sri Setiyati, the

Principal as the leader who is responsible for the continuity of the organization carries out

Another finding in this study related to principals' leadership by Roch Aksiadi and

Aris Gumilar shows that leadership style affects principal's leadership effectiveness. The

principal is an individual who is required to be able to transform his abilities through

guidance, guidance and empowerment to all school members in order to achieve optimal

school goals (Aksiadi & Gumilar, 2020). The quality of the school is largely determined

by the principal. Jeff Quin, Aaron Deris, Greg Bischoff & James T Johnson stated that

principals in high-performing schools were more likely to apply all leadership practices

than principals in low-performing schools (Quin et al., 2015). It can be concluded that the

principal has a very important and strategic role by implementing the management function

in an effort to achieve school programs.

adiwiyata schools shows several programs related to adiwiyata school indicators such as

policies on the environment as outlined in decrees and integrated into each lesson, daily

activities without plastic, bringing drinking bottles and eating containers from home,

healthy canteens, availability of supporting infrastructure, processing of waste banks in 3R

(reduce, reuse, recycle) efforts, making biopore infiltration holes and making adiwiyata

monument (Pradini et al., 2018). So in her findings, Ellen Landriany stated that in order to

realize a school program that cares and is environmentally cultured, a school

management model that supports the implementation of environmental education is

needed, such as environmental policies that are environmentally sound and set out in

decrees and are integrated in subjects, socialization to school residents, and the provision

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Fitria, H., & Samsia, S. (2020). Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mewujudkan Program

Kristiawan, M., Maryanti, N., & Fitria, H. (2019). Membangun karakter peserta didik

Landriany, E. (2015). Implementasi Kebijakan Adiwiyata Dalam Upaya Mewujudkan

Lee, W. L., & Burnett, J. (2008). Benchmarking energy use assessment of HK-BEAM,

Miranto, S. (2017). Integrasi Konsep-Konsep Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup dalam

Olsson, D. (2018). Student sustainability consciousness: Investigating effects of education

Oskamp, S. (2000). A sustainable future for humanity? How can psychology help?

Pradini, I. K., Sudjanto, B., & Nurjannah, N. (2018). Implementasi program sekolah

Purwanti, S. (2013). Peran kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan disiplin

Rezkita, S., & Wardani, K. (2018). Pengintegrasian Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup

Rosyadi, Y. I., & Pardjono, P. (2015). Peran kepala sekolah sebagai manajer dalam

Setiyati, S. (2014). Pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, motivasi Kerja, dan budaya

Sriwahyuni, E., Kristiawan, M., & Wachidi, W. (2019). Strategi Kepala Sekolah Dalam

Widyaningrum, R. (2016). Pembentukankarakter Peduli Lingkungan Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Wuryandari, A., & Akmaliyah, M. (2016). Game interaktif mencegah terjadinya